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Long-term change in the position of the upper limit of Mazzaella parksii on Tatoosh Island. Data are the deviation from the 1978–1992 mean, with negative deviations representing downshore shifts in the upper limit. Error bars are standard error (n = 8 sampling transects). The 2 strong El Niños that occurred during the study period (arrows) had no discernible effect on the upper limit.
