Overexpression of GSTP1 protected Neuro2A cells from rotenone-induced cell death and neurite loss. A: Neuro2A cells were transfected with empty vector and wild-type GSTP1 before treatment with 20 nmol/L rotenone or DMSO as a control for 48 hours. The extent of cell survival was assessed by the MTT assay. In each experiment, averages of eight replicates were normalized to the average of the DMSO-treated vector control. Data represent mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 compared with rotenone-treated vector control. B: Images of five randomly selected fields for each condition were captured using a confocal microscope, and neurite processes were traced and quantified using the MicroBrightField Neurolucida software. Images from GSTP1B-D and GSTP1 Y7F mutant-transfected cells are not shown. C–D: Quantification of total neurite process length (C) and neurite branch points (D) per cell as in (B). Bars labeled C47A + C101A and Y7F represent two site directed mutants with reduced GST catalytic activity. Scale bar = 50 μm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with rotenone-treated vector control. For vector control and GSTP1A, n = 215 to 245 cells from eight independent experiments; for GSTP1B, C and D variants and the two mutants, n = 75 to 135 cells from three to five experiments.