Table 3. Bivariable and multiple logistic regression analyses of predictors for having high TB stigmaa among HIV-infected TB patients.
| Characteristics | OR | 95% CI | p | AOR | 95% CI | p |
| Age | 1.0 | 1.0–1.0 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0–1.0 | 0.43 |
| Male | 1.0 | 0.7–1.4 | 0.81 | 1.1 | 0.8–1.6 | 0.57 |
| Treated at national infectious diseases referral hospitalb | 0.9 | 0.6–1.4 | 0.81 | 1.1 | 0.6–1.8 | 0.81 |
| Treated at Ubon Ratchathanib | 0.8 | 0.6–1.3 | 0.43 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.6 | 0.81 |
| Treated at Phuketb | 0.6 | 0.3–0.9 | 0.03 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.1 | 0.10 |
| Severe TB diseasec | 0.8 | 0.6–1.1 | 0.14 | 0.8 | 0.6–1.1 | 0.22 |
| Hospitalized at enrollment | 1.3 | 0.9–1.8 | 0.14 | 1.7 | 1.1–2.6 | 0.01 |
| Drank alcohol in past 3 months | 0.8 | 0.5–1.1 | 0.16 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.1 | 0.22 |
| Ever used sleeping pill | 1.4 | 0.9–2.1 | 0.09 | 1.3 | 0.8–2.0 | 0.29 |
| Took antibiotics in past 4 weeks | 1.3 | 0.9–1.8 | 0.10 | 1.5 | 1.0–2.1 | 0.04 |
| Visited traditional healer/private provider first | 1.9 | 1.3–2.7 | <0.01 | 1.7 | 1.1–2.6 | 0.01 |
| Diagnosed with HIV before TB | 0.8 | 0.6–1.1 | 0.17 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.3 | 0.76 |
| Household has safe drinking water Source | 0.8 | 0.6–1.1 | 0.19 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.0 | 0.06 |
| Household has a motorcycle | 0.7 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.1 | 0.14 |
| Household has a car | 0.8 | 0.5–1.1 | 0.12 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.1 | 0.18 |
| Answer incorrectly on question the risk of getting HIV/AIDS can be reduced by having sex with only one faithful, uninfected partner | 2.2 | 1.2–4.1 | 0.01 | 2.2 | 1.1–4.2 | 0.02 |
| Answered incorrectly on question a person can get HIV by sharing a meal with someone who has HIV | 1.7 | 1.0–2.8 | 0.03 | 1.5 | 0.9–2.5 | 0.15 |
TB, tuberculosis; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; variables for which p≤0.20 in bivariable analyses and potential confounders were included in multiple logistic regression analysis.
TB stigma score ≥1; TB stigma score is a summary score of the number of TB stigma questions (see Table 1; each question was worth 1 point) that a patient answered consistent with stigma.
Compared with being treated in Bangkok.
Patients who had extra-pulmonary TB other than peripheral lymphatic TB or had all of the following characteristics: self-reported weight loss >10% of body weight, coughing up blood, difficulty breathing in past 4 weeks before TB diagnosis, and cavitary TB or >1/3 involvement of either lung at the initial evaluation.