Table 3.
Phylogenetically controlled contrasts in fracture toughness of leaf laminae between shade-tolerant (ST) and light-demanding (LD) trees – the value given is the quotient of the logarithmic mean for the ST species over that for the LD species
| Singapore | |
| Cannabaceae | |
| Gironniera (1)/Trema (2) | 1·28 |
| Fabaceae | |
| Albizia (1) + Milletia (1) + Parkia (1) + Sinodora (1)/Archidendron (1) | 1·15 |
| Loganiaceae | |
| Strychnos (1)/Fagraea (1) | 0·949 |
| Melastomataceae | |
| Pternandra (1)/Melastoma (1) | 1·00 |
| Moraceae | |
| Artocarpus (2) + Ficus (2)/Ficus (1) | 1·04* |
| Phyllanthaceae + Euphorbiaceae | |
| Aporusa (2) + Baccaurea (1)/Endospermum (1) + Macaranga (3) + Sapium (1) | 1·16 |
| Verbenaceae | |
| Clerodendrum (1)/Clerodendrum (1) | 1·14 |
| Panama | |
| Anacardiaceae | |
| Astronium (1)/Anacardium (1) + Spondias (2) | 0·937 |
| Annonaceae | |
| Guatteria (1) + Unonopsis (1) + Xylopia (1)/Annona (1) | 1·01 |
| Burseraceae | |
| Protium (2) + Tetragastris (1)/Trattinickia (1) | 1·14 |
| Malvaceae | |
| Quararibea (1) + Sterculia (1)/Apeiba (1) + Guazuma (1) + Luehea (1) + Pseudobombax (1) | 1·12 |
| Moraceae | |
| Brosimum (1) + Perebea (1) + Poulsenia (1)/Ficus (1) | 1·16 |
| Rubiaceae | |
| Genipa (1) + Psychotria (9)/Psychotria (4) | 0·992† |
| Urticaceae | |
| Pourouma (1)/Cecropia (2) | 1·30 |
The number in parenthesis after the generic name is the number of species for which values are available – the original data are in Appendix 3.
* 0·999 if only the Ficus species are considered.
† 0·994 if only the Psychotria species are considered.