Table 1.
Symbols and abbreviations
| BFC | Bilateral free cordon system |
| VSP-1W | Bilateral cordons with one pair of catching wires |
| VSP-2W | Bilateral cordons with two pairs of catching wires |
| 3D | Three-dimensional |
| a, b (a′, b′) | Slope and intercept of the linear relationship between primary (secondary) axis length and its number of phytomers |
| αl | Elevation of the vector normal to the leaf surface (°) |
| αs | Initial shoot elevation (°) |
| αs,i | Elevation of the ith internode (°) |
| B | Bias |
| C × T | Cultivar – training system pair |
| d (i, j) | Euclidian distance between i and j |
| ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ | Difference between the coordinates X, Y, Z of the two buds on a single spur (cm) |
| εint | Light interception efficiency. Two components are usually distinguished: the direct and diffuse components |
| f | Fraction of diffuse light in the global incoming light |
| ϕs | Angle between basal and distal tangents (°) |
| GOB | Gobelet training system |
| GRE | ‘Grenache’ |
| HP | Hemispherical photograph |
| ks | Kolmogorov–Smirnov test |
| LAD | Leaf area density (m2 m–3) |
| Lb | Length of the parallelogram used in the SOR definition |
| Lin | Internode length |
| Ls | Normalized length of the shoot |
| MXs | Proportion of shoot accounting for half of the curvature |
| n | Number of internodes on a shoot |
| nb | Number of measured shoots |
| nII | Number of phytomers on a branch |
| ωb | Angle of the parallelogram used in the SOR definition |
| RMSE | Root mean square error |
| SOR | Surface of revolution |
| sw | Shapiro–Wilks test |
| SYR | ‘Syrah’ |
| S | Variance–covariance matrix |
| θl | Azimuth of the vector normal to the leaf surface (°) |
| θs | Mean shoot azimuth (°) |
| VHI | Virtual hemispherical image |
| X0, Y0, Z0 | Coordinates of the origin of the shoot |
| Xi, Yi, Zi | Basal coordinates of the ith internode |
| xl, yl, zl | Coordinates of the proximal point of the leaf lamina |
| x̄ | Mean vector of shoot parameters |
| χ2 | Chi-squares test |