. 2007 Oct 17;101(8):1267–1280. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcm245

Table 3.

When individual root elements were removed from root patterns, significant differences in von Mises stresses were found in the remaining roots, both on the upper and lower surfaces

Removal of root elements	Von Mises stresses in remaining root elements (MPa)
	Root surface	R1	R2	R3	R4	F_2,9	P
R1	Upper	–	1·10 ± 0·02^a	0·45 ± 0·01^b	0·31 ± 0·02^b	6·8	0·016
	Lower	–	1·14 ± 0·06^a	0·67 ± 0·02^a,b	0·24 ± 0·02^b	5·9	0·023
R2	Upper	1·35 ± 0·14^a	–	0·17 ± 0·11^b	0·25 ± 0·08^b	34·4	<0·001
	Lower	1·41 ± 0·18^a	–	0·20 ± 0·06^b	0·34 ± 0·13^b	24·8	<0·001
R3	Upper	0·69 ± 0·03^a	0·60 ± 0·1^a	–	0·20 ± 0·06^b	13·7	0·002
	Lower	0·65 ± 0·06^a	0·60 ± 0·12^a	–	0·20 ± 0·01^b	11·1	0·004
R4	Upper	0·66 ± 0·04^a	0·68 ± 0·11^a	0·13 ± 0·07^b	–	16·9	0·001
	Lower	0·66 ± 0·04^a	0·66 ± 1·3^a	0·16 ± 0·05^b	–	12·2	0·003

Data are means ± s.e.

Where superscript letters differ, data are significantly different (P > 0·05).