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Schematic diagram showing the EMCV IRES hammerhead region containing the 16-mer (in mauve) and 11-mer (in blue) hairpins. The secondary structure base-pair numbering is based on the nomenclature proposed previously [2]. The four residues spanning 5′ -[G547-A550]-3′ form the GCGA tetraloop. The four residues spanning 5′ -[A568-A571]-3′ constitute the AAAA tetranucleotide motif
