Table 2.

Epithelial cell parameters

Parameter	Value	Symbol
Isotonic cell volume	3626 μm3	iVto
Osmotically inactive fraction	0.41	vb
Temperature	13°C (286 K)	T
Universal gas constant	8.206 × 1013μm3 × atm/mol × K	R
Partial molar volume of water	18.02 × 1013μm3/mol	${\overline{v}}_{\mathrm{w}}$
Partial molar volume of DMSO	71.33 × 1012μm3/mol	${\overline{v}}_{\mathrm{s}}$
Second osmotic virial coefficient for DMSO (in terms of mole fraction)	4.716	$B_2^{+}$
Second osmotic virial coefficient for KCl (in terms of mole fraction)	−0.057	$B_3^{+}$
(dissociation constant)	(1.79)
Second osmotic virial coefficient for NaCl (in terms of mole fraction)	2.759	$B_4^{+}$
(dissociation constant)	(1.68)
Initial intracellular salt (KCl) mole fraction (0.172 molal = 0.300 osmoles)	0.003	$x_3^{\mathrm{i}}$ initial
Initial intracellular solute (DMSO) mole fraction	0.000	$x_2^{\mathrm{i}}$ initial
For 0.5 M DMSO
Extracellular salt (NaCl) mole fraction (0.175 molal = 0.300 osmoles)	0.003	$x_4^{\mathrm{e}}$
Extracellular solute (DMSO) mole fraction (0.5 molal = 0.631 osmoles)	0.011	$x_2^{\mathrm{e}}$
For 1 M DMSO
Extracellular salt (NaCl) mole fraction 0.175 molal = 0.300 osmoles	0.003	$x_4^{\mathrm{e}}$
Extracellular solute (DMSO) mole fraction 1 molal = 1.227 osmoles	0.022	$x_2^{\mathrm{e}}$
For 2 M DMSO
Extracellular salt (NaCl) mole fraction0.175 molal = 0.300 osmoles	0.003	$x_4^{\mathrm{e}}$
Extracellular solute (DMSO) mole fraction 2 molal = 2.589 osmoles	0.044	$x_2^{\mathrm{e}}$