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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 16.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2007 Apr 5;40(12):2731–2737. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.01.005

Table 3.

Mechanical properties change of pre- and post-damage diagnostic cycles by damage under zero-stress hold condition.

1 minute recovery time 10 minutes recovery time 100 minutes recovery time
Pre-damage Post-damage Pre-damage Post-damage Pre-damage Post-damage
Loading Modulus [GPa] 19.92±2.45* 18.00±2.16* 19.72±2.52^ 18.74±2.52^ 18.33±1.97 17.79±1.83
Secant Modulus [GPa] 19.52±2.38* 17.59±1.97* 19.27±2.40^ 17.87±2.43^ 18.23±1.84 17.13±1.64
Unloading Modulus [GPa] 19.66±2.97* 16.76±1.97* 19.25±2.65^ 17.67±2.69^ 18.13±1.95 16.18±1.36
Stress Relaxation [MPa] 2.92±0.36* 6.01±0.70* 2.98±0.56^ 6.51±1.41^ 2.90±0.21 5.87±1.34
Strain Recovery [%] 0.01±0.00* 0.04±0.01* 0.03±0.03^ 0.03±0.01^ 0.01±0.00 0.02±0.01
*, ^ and †

represent p < 0.05 between measures.