Table 3. Summary of groupwise approaches.

Measure	Approach	Techniques	Weighting
Lee et al. [30] (TO)	Graph-based	Term overlap	None
Mistry et al. [31] (NTO)	Graph-based	Term overlap, Normalized	None
Gentleman [33] (simLP)	Graph-based	Shared-path	None
Gentleman [33] (simUI)	Graph-based	Jaccard	None
Martin et al. [32] (GOToolBox)	Graph-based	Czekanowski-Dice, Jaccard	None
Pesquita et al. [44] (simUI)	Graph-based	Jaccard	IC
Ye et al. [35]	Graph-based	LCA, Normalized	None
Cho et al. [36]	Graph-based	LCA	IC
Lin et al. [37]	Graph-based	Intersection	Annotation set probability
Yu et al. [38]	Graph-based	LCA	Annotation set probability
Sheehan et al. [39] (SSA)	Graph-based	Resnik, Lin	Annotation set probability
Huang et al. [40]	Vector-based	Kappa-statistic	None
Chabalier et al. [41]	Vector-based	Cosine	IC