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Results and complications of LSD and OSD (mean ± SD), n (%)
| Variable | LSD | OSD | P value |
| Operative time (min) | 235 ± 36 | 178 ± 47 | < 0.05 |
| Estimated blood loss (mL) | 200 ± 30 | 420 ± 50 | < 0.01 |
| PRBC transfusion | 6 (23.08) | 10 (38.46) | < 0.05 |
| Time of oral intake (d) | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 1.6 | < 0.05 |
| Pain requiring medication | 2 (7.69) | 19 (73.08) | < 0.001 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (d) | 6.5 ± 2.3 | 11.7 ± 4.5 | < 0.05 |
| Overall complication rate | 5 (19.23) | 11 (42.31) | < 0.05 |
PRBC: Packed red blood cells.
