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. 2000 Sep 26;97(20):10954–10959. doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.20.10954

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Microglia activation and expansion in a Sandhoff disease patient. (a) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of section of thalamus from the Sandhoff disease patient. Arrows indicate neuronal cells with storage of gangliosides. (b) TUNEL staining of the cerebral cortex of the patient. Arrow indicates TUNEL-positive neuronal cells. (c) Immunostaining of thalamic nucleus with anti-CD68 antibody. Arrows indicate CD68-positive microglia. [Bar = 20 μm (a-c).] (d) Immunofluorescent staining of the cerebellum with antiphosphotyrosine antibody. Arrows indicate activated microglia intensely stained with antiphosphotyrosine antibody. (Bar = 50 μm.) (e) Chitotriosidase activity of brain regions from control (C) and from the Sandhoff disease patient (SD). The activity is elevated in the cerebral cortex (CT), thalamic nucleus (TN), and brainstem (BS) of a Sandhoff disease patient. (f) TNF-α mRNA expression levels in control (C) and in the Sandhoff disease patient (SD). The expression levels are elevated in thalamic nucleus (TN) and brainstem (BS) but not in the cerebral cortex (CT) of the Sandhoff disease patient.