In WS subjects aged 30 or over, regionally greater brain volume was associated with higher performance IQ scores in (a) bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, parietal, occipital and prefrontal areas, and in the cerebellum and pons (b) left superior temporal gyrus and (c) right amygdala, hippocampus and orbitofrontal areas. These correlations were assessed using Spearman’s (non-parametric) rank correlation. Abbreviations: aCG: anterior cingulate gyrus, Amy: amygdala, FG: fusiform gyrus, GCC: genu of the corpus callosum, HP: hippocampus, OF: orbitofrontal area, OL: occipital lobe, PL: parietal lobe, SCC: splenium of the corpus callosum, STG: superior temporal gyrus.