Table 1.
Baseline characteristics among those with complete Val110Leu genotypea
| Characteristic | Overall INVEST (n = 22,576) | INVEST-GENES (n = 5486) | Cases (n = 255) | Controls (n = 798) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 66.2 (9.7) | 66.1 (9.7) | 71.6 (9.9) | 69.9 (9.3) |
| Women | 11770 (52.1) | 3047 (55.5) | 131 (51.4) | 400 (50.1) |
| BP, mean (SD), mmHg | ||||
| Systolic | 150.9 (19.5) | 148.0 (18.4) | 150.7 (19.0) | 147.4 (19.1) |
| Diastolic | 87.2 (11.9) | 85.4 (10.7) | 83.6 (11.1) | 83.5 (11.2) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 10925 (48.4) | 2076 (37.8) | 152 (59.6) | 468 (58.7) |
| Black | 3029 (13.4) | 588 (10.7) | 32 (12.6) | 93 (11.7) |
| Hispanic | 8045 (35.6) | 2598 (47.4) | 63 (24.7) | 219 (27.4) |
| Other/multiracial | 577 (2.6) | 224 (4.1) | 8 (3.1) | 18 (2.2) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 29.2 (7.1) | 29.3 (5.5) | 27.5 (4.8) | 29.1 (5.6) |
| Lys65 allele frequency | n/a | n/a | 0.135 | 0.11 |
| Leu110 allele frequency | n/a | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.09 |
| Past Medical History | ||||
| Myocardial infarction | 7218 (32.0) | 1281 (23.4) | 95 (37.3) | 236 (29.6) |
| Angina pectoris | 15045 (66.6) | 4070 (74.2) | 151 (59.2) | 503 (63.0) |
| Revascularization > 1 month ago | 6166 (27.3%) | 783 (14.3) | 62 (24.3) | 149 (18.7) |
| Stroke/TIA | 1629 (7.2) | 381 (6.9) | 36 (14.1) | 73 (9.2) |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 4948 (21.9) | 823 (15.0) | 45 (17.7) | 139 (17.4) |
| Heart failure (class I–III) | 1256 (5.6) | 179 (3.3) | 28 (10.3) | 32 (4.0) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2699 (12.0) | 607 (11.1) | 43 (16.9) | 95 (11.9) |
| Smoking | ||||
| Past | 10454 (46.3) | 2265 (41.3) | 130 (51.0) | 364 (45.6) |
| Within 30 days | 2809 (12.4) | 558 (10.2) | 32 (12.6) | 81 (10.2) |
| Never | 12122 (53.7) | 3221 (58.7) | 125 (49.0) | 434 (54.4) |
| Diabetesb | 6401 (28.4) | 1542 (28.1) | 107 (39.5) | 232 (29.1) |
| Hypercholesterolemiab | 12448 (55.1) | 2998 (54.7) | 159 (62.4) | 497 (62.3) |
| Renal impairmentc | 424 (1.9) | 85 (1.6) | 14 (5.2) | 19 (2.4) |
| Cancer | 760 (3.4) | 222 (4.1) | 20 (7.8) | 46 (5.8) |
| Medication | ||||
| Aspirin/other antiplatelet agent | 12795 (56.7) | 2493 (45.4) | 159 (62.4) | 457 (57.3) |
| Antidiabetic medication | 5428 (24.0) | 1351 (24.6) | 85 (33.3) | 195 (24.4) |
| Any lipid-lowering agent | 8294 (36.7) | 1985 (36.2) | 104 (40.8) | 338 (42.4) |
| Nitrates | 8128 (36.0) | 1540 (28.1) | 91 (35.7) | 243 (30.5) |
BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; n/a, not applicable because entire group not genotyped; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
Values expressed as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated. Percentages may not equal 100 owing to rounding.
b
History of or currently taking antidiabetic or lipid-lowering medications.
c
History of or currently have elevated serum creatinine level but less than 4 mg/dl (< 354 µmol/l).