Table 1.
Age-standardized prevalences of Spanish women with and without diabetes who had received screenings for breast and cervical cancers by selected characteristics and predictors of adherence among diabetic women
| Mammography (n = 12,429) |
Pap smear (n = 13,739) |
With diabetes (n = 614) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Without diabetes | With diabetes (n = 1,222) | Without diabetes | ||||
| % | % | Predictors* | % | % | Predictors* | ||
| 18–29 years old | 1,987 | NA | NA | NA | 52.0 | 58.8 | 1 |
| 30–39 years old | 3,191 | NA | NA | NA | 73.4 | 75.0 | 1.8 (0.5–6.5) |
| 40–49 years old | 3,414 | 50.8 | 46.3 | 1 | 75.4 | 68.6 | 1.6 (0.5–5.1) |
| 50–59 years old | 2,680 | 88.0 | 83.3 | 6.7 (3.6–12.5) | 69.4† | 57.3 | 1.0 (0.3–3.2) |
| 60–69 years old | 2,467 | 85.9 | 84.4 | 5.9 (3.4–10.4) | 45.8† | 36.2 | 0.5 (0.2–1.6) |
| ≥70 years old | 3,868 | 33.7† | 29.2 | 0.6 (0.3–1.0) | NA | NA | NA |
| Primary studies or less | 2,815 | 46.2 | 48.9 | 1 | 39.6 | 29.0 | 1 |
| Secondary studies | 12,332 | 64.5† | 59.4 | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 65.1† | 62.6 | 1.8 (1.1–2.8) |
| University education | 2,599 | 71.5 | 73.3 | 2.1 (1.0–5.5) | 77.3 | 78.8 | 3.7 (1.3–10) |
| Income/month <1,200 Ç | 8,156 | 55.9 | 55.5 | NS | 55.5 | 54.2 | 1 |
| Income 1,200–100 Ç | 3,813 | 66.1† | 55.2 | NS | 68.2† | 62.3 | 1.1 (0.6–1.7) |
| Income >1,800 Ç | 3,760 | 70.1 | 66.2 | NS | 76.7 | 81.6) | 2.0 (1.0–4.7) |
| No comorbidity‡ | 10,487 | 62.3† | 56.8 | 1 | 66.3† | 61.8 | NS |
| Comorbidity | 7,346 | 61.6† | 57.3 | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 63.8† | 57.3 | NS |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 4,909 | 56.2† | 51.9 | 1 | 53.9 | 58.6 | NS |
| BMI <30 kg/m2 | 12,924 | 64.4 | 63.9 | 1.5 (1.2–2.1) | 68.4† | 62.6 | NS |
| Smokers | 3,924 | 60.03 | 53.9 | NS | 67.3† | 63.1 | 1 |
| Ex-smokers | 2,398 | 69.8 | 62.6 | NS | 78.3 | 78.3 | 2.3 (1.0–4.7) |
| Nonsmokers | 11,511 | 60.9† | 57.9 | NS | 60.7† | 56.2 | 1.2 (0.7–2.3) |
| No physician visit§ | 8,271 | 57.6† | 54.3 | NS | 62.9† | 60.3 | NS |
| Any physician visit | 9,562 | 66.4† | 59.9 | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 69.3† | 60.8 | NS |
| Total | 17,833 | 61.9† | 57.9 | NA | 65.6† | 61.5 | NA |
The age category prevalences have not been age standardized.
*Predictors are shown as adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI, with odds ratio being adjusted for those covariates with significant results.
†P < 0.05, comparing prevalences between women with and without diabetes.
‡Comorbidity included women with one or more of the following: hypertension, heart attack, chronic heart disease, asthma, or chronic bronchitis.
§Physician visit in the last 4 weeks. NA, not available.