Table 1.
Item |
Italian sample |
U.S. sample |
Bolivian sample |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
How well can you | POS | DES | ANG | POS | DES | ANG | POS | DES | ANG | |
POS | ||||||||||
1. Express joy when good things happen to you? | .86 | −.04 | −.01 | .79 | −.04 | .01 | .68 | .04 | −.08 | |
2. Feel gratified over achieving what you setout to do? | .78 | −.04 | .04 | .75 | −.01 | .03 | .51 | −.07 | .00 | |
3. Rejoice over your successes? | .73 | .09 | −.05 | .66 | .05 | .00 | .63 | .11 | −.13 | |
4. Express enjoyment freely at parties? | .71 | −.01 | .00 | .30 | .21 | −.04 | .48 | −.11 | .10 | |
DES | ||||||||||
5. Keep from getting dejected when you are lonely? | −.01 | .79 | −.07 | .04 | .57 | .00 | .07 | .64 | .20 | |
6. Keep from getting discouraged by strong criticism? | −.03 | .74 | −.01 | −.02 | .75 | −.06 | −.01 | .75 | −.03 | |
7. Reduce your upset when you don’t get the appreciation you feel you deserve? | −.02 | .73 | −.02 | −.04 | .44 | .23 | −.03 | .53 | .12 | |
8. Keep from getting discouraged in the face of difficulties? | .05 | .69 | .04 | .11 | .62 | −.02 | .01 | .90 | −.13 | |
ANG | ||||||||||
9. Manage negative feelings when reprimanded by your parents or significant others? | .03 | .38 | .33 | −.03 | .22 | .41 | −.05 | .28 | .53 | |
10. Avoid getting upset when others keep giving you a hard time? | −.05 | −.10 | .80 | −.03 | .17 | .59 | .05 | −.08 | .74 | |
11. Get over irritation quickly for wrongs you have experienced? | .06 | .00 | .66 | −.02 | .19 | .41 | .05 | .10 | .40 | |
12. Avoid flying off the handle when you get angry? | −.02 | .24 | .44 | .06 | −.20 | .78 | .01 | −.01 | .55 | |
Correlations among factors | POS | DES | ANG | POS | DES | ANG | POS | DES | ANG | |
POS | — | — | — | |||||||
DES | .37 | — | .18 | — | .11 | — | ||||
ANG | .13 | .56 | — | .10 | .63 | — | −.17 | .59 | — |
Note. RESE = Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy; EFA = exploratory factor analysis; POS = perceived self-efficacy in expressing positive affect; DES = Perceived Self-Efficacy in managing despondency/distress. ANG = Perceived Self-Efficacy in managing anger/irritation.