Table 1.
Sequences of primers and probes used in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis
| Target | Forward primer | Reverse primer | Probe | Accession number |
| GAPDH | GCTGAACGGGAAGCTCACT | AGGTCAGGTCCACCACTGA | CCCCACTGCCAACGTG | [GenBank: NM_002046] |
| Aggrecan | CCGTGTGTCCAAGGAGAAGG | GGGTAGTTGGGCAGTGAGAC | CTGATAGGCACTGTTGAC | [GenBank: NM_001135] |
| Collagen type I | AGAACAGCGTGGCCTACATG | GCGCGGATCTCGATCTCG | CAGCAGACTGGCAAC | [GenBank: NM_000088] |
| Collagen type II | ATGGAGACTGGCGAGACTTG | GCTGCTCCACCAGTTCTTCTT | CCCAATCCAGCAAACG | [GenBank: NM_001844] |
| SOX9 | GACTTCCGCGACGTGGAC | GTTGGGCGGCAGGTACTG | CGACGTCATCTCCAACAT | [GenBank: NM_000346] |
| IL-1α | AAGAGGGAAGTTTGCTTGATTAAGG | GAGGATCAAGACTTCTTTGTGCTC | ACCACTGTTCTCTTCTCTACCCTGCCC | [GenBank: NM_000575] |
| IL-1β | CGGCCACATTTGGTTCTAAGA | AGGGAAGCGGTTGCTCATC | ACCCTCTGTCATTCG | [GenBank: NM_000576] |
| IL-1 receptor I | ATTTCTGGCTTCTAGTCTGGT | AACGTGCCAGTGTGGAGTGA | ACTTGATTTCAGGTCAATAACGGTCCCC | [GenBank: NM_000877] |
| IL-1 receptor antagonist | CCTGCAGGGCCAAGCA | GCACCCAACATATACAGCATTCA | AGCCTCGCTCTTGGCAGGTACTCAGT | [GenBank: NM_173841] |
| TNF-α | CGAACATCCAACCTTCCCAAAC | TGGTGGTCTTGTTGCTTAAAGTTC | CCAATCCCTTTATTACCC | [GenBank: NM_000594] |
| TNF receptor 1 | AATTCTGGCTTCTAGTCTGGT | AACGTGCCAGTGTGGAGTGA | TTCAGTCCCACTCCAGGCTTCACCC | [GenBank: NM_001065] |
| TNF receptor 2 | PDAR | PDAR | PDAR | |
| MMP-3 | TGAAGAGTCTTCCAATCCTACTGTTG | CTAGATATTTCTGAACAAGGTTCATGC | TTTGCTCAGCCTATCCAT | [GenBank: NM_002422] |
| MMP-9 | CCCGGAGTGAGTTGAACCA | CAGGACGGGAGCCCTAGTC | TACGTGACCTATGACATC | [GenBank: NM_004994] |
| MMP-13 | CCCCAGGCATCACCATTCAAG | GACAAATCATCTTCATCACCACCAC | CTGCCTTCCTCTTC | [GenBank: NM_002427] |
GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IL-1, interleukin-1; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PDAR, pre-designed assay; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.