Table 2.
Treatment effects of statin therapy. Values are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals)
| Source | All cause mortality | Major coronary events | Major cerebrovascular events | Coronary heart disease mortality | Non-fatal myocardial infarction | Revascularisations | Fatal or non-fatal cancer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WOSCOPSw9 | 0.78 (0.60 to 1.01) | 0.68 (0.56 to 0.83) | 0.90 (0.60 to 1.34) | 0.73 (0.48 to1.11) | 0.69 (0.55 to 0.85) | 0.63 (0.44 to 0.90) | 1.09 (0.84 to 1.43) |
| AFCAPS/TexCAPSw8 | 1.04 (0.76 to 1.43) | 0.61 (0.45 to 0.83) | 0.82 (0.40 to 1.67)* | 0.73 (0.34 to 1.60) | NR | 0.69 (0.55 to 0.86) | 0.97 (0.81 to 1.16) |
| PROSPERw6 | 0.98 (0.79 to 1.21)* | 0.90 (0.70 to 1.15) | 1.03 (0.72 to 1.47) | NR | NR | 0.82 (0.54 to 1.25)* | NR† |
| ALLHAT-LLTw7 | 0.99 (0.88 to 1.11) | 0.90 (0.78 to 1.04) | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.09) | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.24) | NR | NR | 1.03 (0.89 to 1.19) |
| ASCOT-LLAw10 | 0.85 (0.73 to 0.97) | 0.64 (0.52 to 0.78) | 0.77 (0.63 to 0.95) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| HPSw5 | NR | 0.57 (0.41 to 0.79)* | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| CARDSw4 | 0.72 (0.51 to 1.02) | 0.65 (0.44 to 0.97) | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.90) | 0.74 (0.40 to 1.36) | 0.59 (0.36 to 0.98) | 0.69 (0.41 to 1.17) | 0.65 (0.37 to 1.16) |
| ASPENw3 | 1.06 (0.69 to 1.64) | NR | 0.92 (0.54 to 1.56) | NR | NR | 0.92 (0.60 to 1.40) | NR |
| MEGAw2 | 0.71 (0.50 to 1.00) | 0.55 (0.33 to 0.91) | 0.83 (0.57 to 1.20) | 0.55 (0.22 to 1.38) | 0.55 (0.30 to 1.00) | 0.60 (0.40 to 0.90) | 0.97 (0.75 to 1.25) |
| JUPITERw1 | 0.80 (0.66 to 0.96) | NR | 0.51 (0.34 to 0.78) | NR | 0.35 (0.22 to 0.58) | 0.54 (0.40 to 0.72) | 0.89 (0.77 to 1.04) |
| All trials fixed effects model | 0.90 (0.84 to 0.96) | 0.74 (0.68 to 0.81) | 0.82 (0.74 to 0.91) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.05) | 0.61 (0.52 to 0.73) | 0.67 (0.59 to 0.76) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.05) |
| All trials random effects model | 0.88 (0.81 to 0.96) | 0.70 (0.61 to 0.81) | 0.81 (0.71 to 0.93) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.05) | 0.56 (0.41 to 0.76) | 0.67 (0.59 to 0.76) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.05) |
| Heterogeneity: | |||||||
| Q statistic | 0.20 | 0.02‡ | 0.23 | 0.49 | 0.11 | 0.48 | 0.61 |
| I2 index | Low (27%) | Moderate (60%) | Low (24%) | Low (0%) | Moderate (50%) | Low (0%) | Low (0%) |
NR=not reported. See footnote to table 1 for full titles of studies.
*Data from Thavendiranathan et al.14 Fixed effect and random effect models in meta-analysis gave almost identical results, making important statistical heterogeneity unlikely.
†No data in primary prevention group (n=3239).w6
‡Significant heterogeneity; however, a positive trend of statin therapy is observed in all trials, only of different magnitude (no neutral or negative trials).