Table 2.
Risk factors associated with peripartum hysterectomy, Washington State, 1987-2006
| Risk factor | Cases (N = 867) |
Controls (N = 3584) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI)§ |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Hemorrhage related factors¥ | ||||
| Placenta abnormalities | ||||
| Placenta previa | 192 (22.2) | 23 (0.6) | 7.9 | (4.1 – 15.0) |
| Abruptio placenta | 71 (8.2) | 55 (1.5) | 3.2 | (1.8 – 5.8) |
| Retained placenta | 214 (24.7) | 28 (0.8) | 43.0 | (19.0 – 97.7) |
| Atony of uterus | 253 (29.2) | 111 (3.1) | 21.4 | (14.1 – 32.5) |
| Uterine rupture | 77 (8.9) | 1 (0.0) | 165.4 | (12.4 – 2208) |
| Thrombocytopenia | 13 (1.5) | 18 (0.5) | 3.7 | (1.3 – 10.5) |
| Other hemorrhage related factors‡ |
186 (21.5) | 8 (0.2) | 266.9 | (56.7 – 1256) |
| Delivery method | ||||
| Vaginal | 270 (31.3) | 2739 (76.5) | 1 | |
| Vaginal birth after cesarean | 27 (3.1) | 105 (2.9) | 1.9 | (1.2 – 3.0) |
| Primary cesarean | 270 (31.3) | 504 (14.1) | 4.6 | (3.5 – 6.0) |
| Repeat cesarean | 296 (34.3) | 231 (6.5) | 7.9 | (5.8 – 10.7) |
| Instrumentation (only vaginal) | ||||
| Spontaneous | 204 (77.6) | 2249 (83.5) | 1 | |
| Vacuum | 39 (14.8) | 311 (11.6) | 1.7 | (1.1 – 2.6) |
| Forceps | 20 (7.6) | 132 (4.9) | 1.7 | (0.8 – 3.6) |
| Multiple gestations¥ | 63 (7.3) | 99 (2.8) | 0.8 | (0.5 – 1.4) |
| Infection related factors¥ | ||||
| Chorioamnionitis | 39 (4.5) | 66 (1.8) | 3.6 | (1.7 – 7.4) |
| Other infection factors† |
109 (12.2) | 106 (3.0) | 4.0 | (2.7 – 6.1) |
| Other¥ | ||||
| Birth weight | ||||
| 2500 – 3999 grams | 553 (65.7) | 2868 (80.2) | 1 | |
| < 2500 grams | 180 (21.1) | 208 (5.8) | 1.1 | (0.7 – 1.9) |
| ≥ 4000 gram s | 122 (14.3) | 499 (14.0) | 1.5 | (1.1 – 1.9) |
| Gestational diabetes | 70 (8.1) | 158 (4.4) | 1.3 | (0.9 – 2.0) |
| Preeclampsia | 87 (10.0) | 269 (7.5) | 1.4 | (1.0 – 2.0) |
§
Adjusted for maternal age, number of previous births, gestational age, and birth year.
¥
Adjusted for the previous variables and delivery method.
‡
Includes vasa previa and coagulation defects.
†
Includes endometritis, major puerperal infection, infection of genitourinary tract in pregnancy, puerperal fever, and sepsis.