Table 1.
Risk and Protective Factors (by Domain), Number of Items, and Reliability Coefficient Alphas
| Risk/protective Factor | Number of Items | Coefficient Alpha |
|---|---|---|
| Community | ||
| Low neighborhood attachment | 3 | .83 |
| Laws and norms favorable to drug use | 7 | .76 |
| Perceived availability of drugs | 3 | .75 |
| Opportunities for prosocial involvement | 6 | .67 |
| Rewards for prosocial involvement | 3 | .82 |
| School | ||
| Low commitment to school | 6 | .65 |
| Academic failure | 2 | .68 |
| Opportunities for prosocial involvement | 5 | .56 |
| Rewards for prosocial involvement | 4 | .67 |
| Family | ||
| Poor family management | 6 | .67 |
| Family conflict | 3 | .74 |
| Attachment | 4 | .72 |
| Opportunities for prosocial involvement | 3 | .65 |
| Rewards for prosocial involvement | 4 | .68 |
| Peer/Individual | ||
| Rebelliousness | 3 | .69 |
| Attitudes favorable to antisocial behavior | 4 | .75 |
| Attitudes favorable to drug use | 3 | .79 |
| Perceived risk of drug use | 4 | .96 |
| Interaction with antisocial peers | 3 | .66 |
| Friends’ drug use | 3 | .79 |
| Rewards for antisocial involvement | 3 | .89 |
| Intention to use drugs | 3 | .65 |
| Social skills | 4 | na1 |
| Religious attendance | 1 | na |
| Belief in the moral order | 4 | .60 |
| Interaction with prosocial peers | 3 | .50 |
| Prosocial involvement | 3 | .63 |
| Rewards for prosocial involvement | 3 | .60 |
Note. na = not applicable.
1
Scale is an index.