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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 24.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Drug Metab. 2008 Oct;9(8):697–709. doi: 10.2174/138920008786049230

Fig. (1). Possible routes for translocation and metabolism of nanoparticles in biological system.

Fig. (1)

There are many pathways for systemic exposure, translocation and excretion of nanoparticles, which were proposed in published literatures. The exact pathways for transport and metabolism of nanoparticles are not clear. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations are necessary.