CARD-like domains of fish RIG-I and MAVS. (A) Multiple alignment of RIG-I CARDs from fish and other vertebrates. The conserved residues are boxed in gray. The CARDs and the beginning of the helicase domain are mapped. Sequences for the following (GenBank accession numbers) were used: salmon RIG-I (FN178459; this study), from Salmo salar; EPC RIG-I (FN178456; this study); mouse RIG-I (NP_766277), from Mus musculus; and human RIG-I (NP_055129), from Homo sapiens. (B) Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of vertebrate CARDs from RIG-I, MDA5, and MAVS. The tree was calculated by ClustalW, based on a multiple alignment of RIG-I, MDA5, and MAVS CARD-like domains from fish and other vertebrates (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material), and a 1,000-bootstrap analysis was performed. High bootstrap values (>800) are indicated. The following sequences (GenBank accession number, unless indicated otherwise) were used: salmon RIG-I (FN178459; this study) and MAVS (FN178458; this study), from Salmo salar; zebrafish RIG-I (Ensembl protein no. ENSDARP00000058175; gene located at Chr23 positions 46,283,361 to 46,298,826), MDA5 (NC_007120), and MAVS (FN178460; this study), from Danio rerio; EPC RIG-I (FN178456; this study) and MAVS (FN178455; this study); mouse RIG-I (NP_766277), MDA5 (AAM21359), and MAVS (NP_659137), from Mus musculus; and human RIG-I (NP_055129), MDA5 (AAG34368), and MAVS (NP_065797), from Homo sapiens.