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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 27.
Published in final edited form as: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2008;47(9):1685–1688. doi: 10.1002/anie.200702770

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Solid-phase synthesis of heterobivalent ligands. a) Fmoc-AA-OH, HOBt, DIC; b) Fmoc-AA-OH, HBTU, lutidine; c) Piperidine in DMF; solid-phase cycle (i–iii); d) 1) Diglycolic anhydride in DMF, 2) CDI in DMF, 3) 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine in DMF; e) TFA-scavengers cocktail. Fmoc =(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl, AA =amino acid, HOBt =1-hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole, DIC =N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide, HBTU =(1H-benzotriazol-1-yloxy)bis(dimethylamino) methylium hexafluorophosphate, CDI =N,N′-carbonyl-diimidazole.