Table 1.
Human clinical outcomes in COMP studies.
| Study | Year | Disease | No. of patients | Fluid studies | Treatment | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andersson et al.89 | 2006 | OA | 58 | serum | Before exercise or rest, no significant differences in COMP levels were seen. After 60 minutes exercise, serum COMP levels increased (p < 0.001). After 60 minutes of rest the serum levels decreased (p = 0.003). Median serum COMP values in samples obtained prior to exercise or rest at baseline and after 24 weeks did not change between start and end of the study. COMP was increased immediately after exercise (p = 0.018) and had decreased to baseline levels after 30 minutes. | |
| Bleasel et al.61 | 1999 | familial OA | 47 | serum | COMP levels were significantly elevated in Arg 519-Cys mutation-positive individuals (p < 0.001) and increased with OA severity (p < 0.001). | |
| Clark et al.58 | 1999 | OA | 291 | serum | COMP levels of the OA group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p = 0.0093) and also increased significantly with knee OA K/L grade (p = 0.0047), knee OA laterality (p = 0.0043), and number of knee and hip joints involved (p = 0.0001). | |
| Conrozier et al.59 | 1998 | OA | 48 | serum | COMP levels at baseline correlated with hip joint space width at entry and with its yearly mean narrowing (p = 0.002) but not with joint space narrowing grade progression. The concentrations were higher in patients with bilateral hip OA (p = 0.03). | |
| Dragomir et al.76 | 2002 | OA | 145 | serum | Mean Ln COMP was higher among subjects with hip-related clinical signs (p = 0.018), among those with hip-related symptoms (p = 0.046), and among individuals meeting American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria for hip OA (p = 0.021). There were no statistically significant associations between any of the knee-related clinical signs and symptoms and Ln COMP. | |
| Forslind et al.68 | 1992 | RA | 18 | serum | Patients in the aggressive RA group initially had increased levels of COMP, in contrast to normal levels found in the non-aggressive group (p < 0.001). | |
| Jordan et al.86 | 2003 | OA | 769 | serum | Levels of ln COMP were associated with age, BMI, and all definitions of radiographic OA (p = 0.0001), and varied by ethnicity and sex. In adjusted models, ln COMP was higher in African American women than in Caucasian women (p = 0.003) and higher in Caucasian men than Caucasian women (p = 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in serum ln COMP levels between African American men and women. | |
| Kuhne et al.75 | 1998 | traumatic knee injury | 30 | serum and synovial fluid | The average COMP level was significantly higher in patients with traumatic knee injury than in the control group at all timepoints. The subgroup with elevated and increasing serum COMP levels, including some with antibodies against cartilage matrix molecules, appeared at increased risk for developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis.The SF and serum levels of COMP correlated with each other. | |
| Mansson et al.69 | 1995 | RA | 18 | serum | Compared with a matched normal population, increased concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) were found in all subjects who developed rapid hip joint destruction. | |
| Nikolaisen et al.67 | 2007 | RA, ankylosing spondylitis, noninflammatory conditions | 342 | serum | The presence of anti-CCP Ab had the highest accuracy in distinguishing RA patients. Sensitivity (15%–48%) and specificity (66%–69%) of COMP as a marker for RA was low. | |
| Petersson et al.60 | 1998a | OA | 38 | serum | COMP levels were significantly higher in the subjects with bone scan abnormalities (p = 0.02) and correlated positively with the extent of bone scan abnormalities (p = 0.002). | |
| Petersson et al.72 | 1998b | OA | 38 | serum | Levels of COMP and bone sialoprotein increased significantly (p < 0.001) in the subjects with radiographic OA at follow-up, while remaining unchanged in the subjects with normal radiographs at follow-up. | |
| Saxne and Heinegard52 | 1992 | RA, OA, reactive arthritis, juvenile chronic arthritis | 155 | serum and synovial fluid | COMP SF levels were always higher then in serum paired samples. Highest SF levels were found in reactive arthritis patients and the lowest in RA patients. Serum levels were low in patients with JCA and RA and did not differ otherwise between groups or from controls. | |
| Sharif et al.71 | 1995 | OA | 94 | serum | COMP levels increased during the first year in subjects with progression of knee OA compared to those who did not progress (p < 0.001). COMP increased during the first year in progressive subjects by 5.04 micrograms/ml more than in non-progressive patients. | |
| Sharif et al.74 | 2004 | OA | 115 | serum | The mean COMP level at baseline was significantly higher in the patients with progression of OA compared with the nonprogressors (p < 0.036). COMP levels were higher during periods of radiographic progression and identified periods of progression that were nonlinear. Logistic regression analysis showed that on average, a 1-unit increase in serum COMP levels increased the probability of radiographic progression by 15%. | |
| Skoumal et al.66 | 2004 | RA and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases | 150 | serum | COMP is a specific marker in RA and not related to the nonspecific inflammatory process as elevated COMP levels were detected only in patients with RA and in a few with psoriatic arthritis. | |
| Vilim et al.65 | 2001 | OA and synovitis | 196 | serum | COMP levels were correlated with age, synovitis and an interaction of synovitis and OA severity. Synovitis showed the strongest effect on COMP levels (P < 0.01). | |
| Vilim et al.73 | 2002 | OA | 48 | serum | The change in joint space over 3 years correlated positively with serum COMP level at baseline (p < 0.01) as well as at study end (p < 0.001), when summed for both knees. | |
| Wislowska and Jablonska87 | 2005 | RA and OA | 60 | serum | Correlation between COMP level and the age of RA patients (p < 0.005) and disease activity score (DAS) value (p < 0.01) was found. In OA patients, no correlation was found between the COMP level and patients’ age and disease duration. There was a correlation between the COMP level and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index pain scale for the lower limbs (p < 0.005) and T-score value of densitometry examinations (p < 0.036) in OA patients. No statistical differences were found between the average serum COMP level in RA and OA patients. | |
| Wolheim et al.70 | 1997 | RA | 18 | serum | COMP levels at study inclusion were significantly higher in the subjects with early hip joint destruction compared to the patients in the more benign group (p < 0.001). | |
| Crnkic et al.77 | 2003 | RA | 49 | serum | infliximab or entanercept | COMP levels decreased at 3 months in both infliximab- and etanercept-treated patients (P < 0.001 and <0.005, respectively) and remained low at 6 months. There was no significant correlation between changes in or concentrations of serum COMP and serum C-reactive protein at any time point. |
| Bruyere et al.82 | 2003 | OA | 212 | serum | glucosamine sulfate | The 3-year radiological progression of knee OA could be predicted by a 1-year increase in osteocalcin or a 1 year decrease in hyaluronic acid levels. Eventually, no signficant correlation was observed between 3 year changes in biochemical marker levels and 3 year changes in joint space width (JSW). In the glucosamine sulfate group, no marker at baseline were correlated with the 3 year changes in JSW. |
| Forsblad d’Elia et al.83 | 2004 | RA | 88 | serum | hormone replacement therapy | Treatment with HRT resulted in decrease in CTX-I (p < 0.001), ICTP (p < 0.001), PICP (p < 0.05), COMP (p < 0.01), and CTX-II (p < 0.05) at 2 years. |
| Morozzi et al.78 | 2007a | RA | 29 | serum | adalimumab | Patients with low serum COMP levels (<10 U/l) at baseline showed a significantly (p < 0.02) higher ACR70 response (>50%) than patients with higher COMP levels within 3 months, and also at 6 months. |
| Skoumal et al.85 | 2006 | RA | 17 | serum | intravenous steroid treatment | In contrast to the reactive arthritis group, COMP levels of RA + patients (p < 0.004) and the visual analog scale (p < 0.0001) decreased significantly within 2–10 days after the first treatment with steroids. The CRP levels remained unchanged in both groups. |
| Weitoft et al.84 | 2005 | RA | 20 | serum | intra-articular glucocorticoid injection | After the glucocorticoid injection, COMP levels decreased in both 24 hour bed rest and normal activity groups (p < 0.001), but significantly more in resting patients. Serum osteocalcin levels decreased significantly (p < 0.001) without any difference between the groups. |
Abbreviations: JCA, juvenile chronic arthritis; OA, osteoarthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SF, synovial fluid; CTX-1, C-terminal telopeptide fragments of type I collagen; ICTP, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; PICP, C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen; CTX-II, collagen type II C-telopeptide degradation fragments.