Table 3.

Univariate analysis of risk factors of HCV infection

Variables	Total (N = 837)	n	%	OR	95% CI	Two-sided P value
Demographic characteristics
Main occupation
Others	179	5	2.8	1
Farmer	658	3	0.5	0.16	0.03–0.67	0.01
Age group
<40	375	3	0.8	1
≥40	462	5	1.1	1.36	0.32–5.71	0.67
Gender
Female	425	3	0.7	1
Male	412	5	1.2	1.73	0.41–7.28	0.45
Educational level
High school/University	175	2	1.1	1
Secondary school	493	4	0.8	0.71	0.13–3.90	0.69
Illiteracy/Primary school	169	2	1.2	1.03	0.14–7.44	0.97
History of medical treatment
History of hospitalization
No	697	3	0.4	1
Yes	140	5	3.6	8.57	2.02–36.28	<0.0001
History of blood transfusion
No	810	7	0.9	1
Yes	27	1	3.7	4.41	0.52–37.18	0.14
History of dental treatment
No	593	4	0.7	1
Yes	244	4	1.6	2.45	0.61–9.89	0.19
History of acupuncture
No	588	5	0.9	1
Yes	249	3	1.2	1.42	0.34–5.99	0.63
Having injections with reused syringes
No/Don’t know	375	3	0.8	1
Yes	462	5	1.1	1.36	0.32–5.71	0.67
History of surgery or medical procedures
No	630	6	1.0	1
Yes	207	2	1.0	1.01	0.20–5.06	0.98
Lifestyle
Tattoo
No	802	6	0.8	1
Yes	29	2	6.9	9.90	1.90–51.33	0.006
Sharing razor
No	712	5	0.7	1
Yes	125	3	2.4	3.5	0.82–14.74	0.15

^a Including 73 participants who had no injection

Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; CI, confidence interval