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. 2008 May 31;2(3):322–334. doi: 10.1007/s12072-008-9074-1

Table 3.

Recognized causes of EcV

PHT (intrahepatic and extrahepatic)
Surgical procedures involving abdominal organs and vessels
Anomalies in the venous outflow vessels
Abdominal vascular thromboses
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Secondary to band ligation of O-G junction varices
Familial