Skip to main content
. 2008 Sep 20;2(4):416–428. doi: 10.1007/s12072-008-9100-3

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Pathophysiological mechanisms in the development of ascites, hyponatremia, and hepatorenal syndrome. The diagram is based on assumptions of the arterial vasodilatation theory and the forward theory of ascites formation. SNS, Sympathetic nervous system; RAAS, Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; AVP, Arginine-vasopressin; ET, Endothelin