Table 2.
Participant characteristics
| Variable | Range | Total sample (N = 171) | Black (N = 41) | White (N =130) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 19.0–80.5 | 52.9 ± 14.4 | 44.7 ± 11.7 | 55.5 ± 14.2 | <0.001 |
| Female sex | 0–1 | 55.6% (95) | 51.2% (21) | 56.9% (74) | 0.52 |
| BMI | 17.8–47.6 | 26.7 ± 5.8 | 29.9 ± 6.6 | 25.7 ± 5.3 | 0.001 |
| Hypertensivea | 0–1 | 50.6% (84) | 32.4% (12) | 55.8% (72) | 0.01 |
| Anti-HTN drugs | 0–1 | 11.1% (19) | 9.8% (4) | 11.5% (15) | 0.75 |
| 24-h SBP | 101–177 | 129 ± 13 | 127 ± 13 | 130 ± 12 | 0.28 |
| Awake SBP | 107–178 | 134 ± 13 | 131 ± 13 | 135 ± 13 | 0.08 |
| Sleep SBP | 90–170 | 119 ± 13 | 119 ± 14 | 119 ± 12 | 0.95 |
| Dipping percent | −3.6–26.0 | 11.1 ± 5.4 | 9.1 ± 4.9 | 11.8 ± 5.4 | 0.004 |
| Nondipper status | 0–1 | 42.7% (73) | 53.7% (22) | 39.2% (51) | 0.10 |
| Education, years | 6–18 | 15.4 ± 2.4 | 14.0 ± 2.8 | 15.9 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| Income, $ | 5,000–150,000 | 55,818 ± 47,116 | 29,595 ± 22,403 | 63,770 ± 49,753 | <0.001 |
| Married | 0–1 | 32.7% (56) | 19.5% (8) | 36.9% (48) | 0.04 |
| Parentb | 0–1 | 48.3% (71) | 63.0% (17) | 45.0% (54) | 0.09 |
| Social support | 4–40 | 31.0 ± 8.0 | 30.2 ± 9.0 | 31.2 ± 7.7 | 0.52 |
| Life events | 0–59 | 11.8 ± 13.9 | 18.4 ± 17.6 | 9.7 ± 11.9 | 0.008 |
| Hostility | 2–35 | 16.5 ± 7.6 | 20.3 ± 6.6 | 15.3 ± 7.5 | 0.001 |
| Trait anxiety | 0–41 | 18.3 ± 9.4 | 18.3 ± 8.2 | 18.3 ± 9.8 | 0.98 |
| Trait anger | 0–19 | 6.2 ± 4.5 | 6.7 ± 5.4 | 6.0 ± 4.1 | 0.44 |
| Neuroticism | 0–44 | 19.5 ± 8.2 | 18.1 ± 6.3 | 19.9 ± 8.7 | 0.26 |
Mean ± s.d. shown for continuous variables. % (N) shown for dichotomous variables.
BMI, body mass index; HTN, hypertension; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
a
“Hypertensive” indicates subjects with session 1 clinic BP ≥140/90mmHg (missing for five subjects) and/or taking anti-HTN drugs prior to study enrollment.
b
“Parent” indicates subjects with ≥1 child (missing for 24 subjects).