Table 2.
Beta Regression Coefficients (95% Confidence Interval) of the SF-36 Scores in 2001 According to Habitual Sleep Duration in 2001 Among Women
| Sleep duration (hours per 24-hour period) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ≥ 10 | |
| N | 250 | 265 | 332 | 528 | 348 | 427 |
| Model 1 | ||||||
| Physical functioning | −12.56 (−16.88 to −8.25)*** | –4.30 (–8.53 to –0.07)* | Ref. | –3.37 (–6.97 to 0.23) | –5.05 (–9.01 to –1.10)** | –12.20 (–16.03 to –8.36)*** |
| Role-physical | −21.77 (−28.26 to −15.28)*** | –4.61 (–10.98 to 1.76) | Ref. | –3.35 (–8.77 to 2.07) | –3.85 (–9.80 to 2.10) | –9.76 (–15.54 to –3.99)** |
| Bodily pain | −13.03 (−17.71 to −8.35)*** | –3.67 (–8.27 to 0.92) | Ref. | 0.75 (–3.16 to 4.66) | 0.15 (–4.14 to 4.45) | –3.32 (–7.49 to 0.85) |
| General health | −10.35 (−13.56 to −7.14)*** | –2.33 (–5.49 to 0.82) | Ref. | –2.50 (–5.2 to 0.2) | –6.15 (–9.10 to −3.21)*** | –9.93 (–12.79 to –7.07)*** |
| Vitality | −11.76 (−15.48 to −8.04)*** | –3.05 (–6.70 to 0.60) | Ref. | –0.16 (–3.26 to 2.95) | –4.75 (–8.16 to –1.34)** | −7.95 (−11.26 to −4.64)*** |
| Social functioning | −10.97 (−15.43 to −6.51)** | –1.57 (–5.95 to 2.81) | Ref. | –1.40 (–5.12 to 2.33) | –4.43 (–8.52 to –0.34) | −10.70 (−14.67 to −6.72)*** |
| Role-emotional | −12.58 (−18.14 to −7.02)*** | 2.79 (–2.66 to 8.24) | Ref. | 0.41 (–4.23 to 5.06) | −1.49 (−6.59 to 3.61) | −5.33 (−10.28 to −0.38)* |
| Mental health | −7.18 (−10.63 to −3.74)*** | 0.35 (−3.03 to 3.73) | Ref. | 3.01 (0.13 to 5.89)* | −0.05 (−3.21 to 3.11) | −3.7 (−6.69 to −0.62)* |
| PSC1 | −5.77 (−7.44 to −4.09) *** | −2.28 (−3.93 to −0.64)** | Ref. | −1.57 (−2.97 to −0.17)* | −2.06 (−3.60 to −0.53)** | −4.20 (−5.68 to −2.71)*** |
| MCS2 | −3.52 (−5.35 to −1.68)*** | 0.91 (−0.89 to 2.72) | Ref. | 1.19 (−0.34 to 2.72) | −0.48 (−2.16 to 1.21) | −1.98 (−3.62 to −0.35)* |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| Physical functioning | −7.15 (−11.12 to −3.18)*** | −3.02 (−6.90 to 0.84) | Ref. | −1.59 (−4.85 to 1.68) | −1.53 (−5.16 to 2.11) | −6.38 (−9.96 to −2.80)*** |
| Role-physical | −16.44 (−22.86 to −10.03)*** | −3.74 (−9.99 to 2.52) | Ref. | −1.95 (−7.23 to 3.33) | −1.30 (−7.19 to 4.59) | −6.11 (−11.89 to -0.33)* |
| Bodily pain | −7.94 (−12.45 to −3.43)*** | −2.64 (−7.04 to 1.75) | Ref. | 1.75 (−1.96 to 5.47) | 2.86 (−1.28 to 6.99) | 1.46 (−2.60 to 5.53) |
| General health | −6.43 (−9.39 to −3.48)*** | −1.75 (−4.62 to 1.13) | Ref. | −1.79 (−4.23 to 0.64) | −4.20 (−6.92 to −1.49)** | −6.15 (−8.81 to −3.49)*** |
| Vitality | −7.53 (−11.04 to −4.02)*** | −2.62 (−6.05 to 0.79) | Ref. | 0.93 (−1.95 to 3.83) | −2.31 (−5.53 to 0.91) | −3.83 (−6.99 to −0.66)** |
| Social functioning | −6.73 (−10.94 to −2.51)*** | −1.01 (−5.11 to 3.09) | Ref. | 0.07 (−3.39 to 3.54) | −1.05 (−4.91 to 2.81) | −5.23 (−9.03 to -1.44)** |
| Role-emotional | −8.45 (−13.87 to −3.02)** | 3.02 (−2.27 to 8.31) | Ref. | 1.36 (−3.10 to 5.83) | 0.17 (−5.15 to 4.81) | −1.44 (−6.33 to 3.44) |
| Mental health | −3.53 (−6.79 to −0.26)* | 0.80 (−2.39 to 3.98) | Ref. | 3.71 (1.02 to 6.40)** | 1.41 (−1.58 to 4.41) | −0.98 (−3.92 to 1.97) |
| PSC1 | −3.81 (−5.39 to −2.24)*** | −1.84 (−3.37 to −0.30)* | Ref. | −1.03 (−2.33 to 0.26) | −0.82 (−2.26 to 0.63) | −2.25 (−3.67 to -0.83)** |
| MSC2 | −1.99 (−3.74 to −0.23)* | 0.96 (−0.75 to 2.67) | Ref. | 1.54 (0.09 to 2.98)* | 0.17 (−1.44 to 1.79) | −0.55 (−2.14 to 1.03) |
P< 0.05;
P< 0.01;
P< 0.001.
PSC: Physical summary component of the SF-36.
MSC: Mental summary components of the SF-36. Model 1: adjusted for age (60-69, 70-79, ≥ 80 years). Model 2: adjusted for age (60-69, 70-79, ≥ 80 years), physical activity (inactive, moderate, regular/intense), BMI (normal weight, overweight, obesity), tobacco use (non-smoker, ex-smoker, smoker), alcohol consumption (never drinkers, ex-drinker, moderate consumption, excess consumption), coffee consumption (no consumption,< 1, 1-2, ≥ 2 cups/day), educational level (no formal education, primary, secondary and university education), number of social ties, number of chronic diseases (0, 1, ≥ 2), depression, cognitive impairment, arousal from sleep at night, intake of anxiolytic medication.