. 2009 Aug 11;6(8):e1000123. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000123

Table 7. Multivariate survival models of associations between type/number of prior DSM-IV disorders and subsequent suicidal behavior—developing countries.

	Among Total Sample		Among Ideators
	Ideation	Attempt	Plan	Planned Attempt	Unplanned Attempt
DSM-IV Disorders	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
I. Anxiety disorders
Panic disorder	2.5 (1.8–3.6)^*	3.0 (1.7–5.4)^*	1.3 (0.8–2.2)	1.9 (1.2–3.1)^*	0.7 (0.2–2.4)
GAD	2.9 (2.1–4.1)^*	2.9 (1.8–4.6)^*	1.1 (0.8–1.7)	1.1 (0.7–1.9)	1.6 (0.6–3.9)
Specific phobia	2.2 (1.9–2.7)^*	2.6 (2.0–3.4)^*	1.4 (1.0–1.9)^*	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	1.2 (0.8–1.8)
Social phobia	2.8 (2.2–3.5)^*	2.9 (2.0–4.0)^*	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	1.4 (0.8–2.5)
PTSD	3.9 (2.7–5.6)^*	5.6 (3.5–8.8)^*	2.1 (1.4–3.2)^*	2.8 (1.7–4.6)^*	2.0 (0.8–5.3)
OCD	1.9 (1.3–2.8)^*	2.3 (1.3–4.2)^*	1.0 (0.6–1.8)	1.7 (0.9–3.3)	0.8 (0.3–2.3)
SAD	2.4 (1.9–3.1)^*	2.4 (1.7–3.4)^*	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	1.2 (0.8–1.8)	1.6 (0.8–3.1)
Agoraphobia	1.8 (1.3–2.3)^*	2.1 (1.4–3.0)^*	1.3 (0.8–2.1)	1.4 (0.8–2.3)	1.7 (0.8–3.5)
II. Mood disorders
MDD	2.9 (2.4–3.5)^*	3.2 (2.4–4.3)^*	1.6 (1.2–2.1)^*	1.5 (1.0–2.2)^*	0.7 (0.4–1.2)
Dysthymia	3.0 (2.0–4.3)^*	3.5 (1.9–6.6)^*	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	1.6 (1.0–2.7)	2.1 (0.7–5.8)
Bipolar disorder	3.9 (2.7–5.7)^*	3.2 (1.8–5.4)^*	2.5 (1.5–4.1)^*	1.2 (0.6–2.4)	0.8 (0.3–2.8)
III. Impulse-control disorders
ODD	3.2 (2.2–4.7)^*	3.6 (2.0–6.5)^*	2.0 (1.2–3.5)^*	1.6 (0.9–2.8)	3.1 (1.3–7.3)^*
Conduct disorder	3.9 (2.6–5.8)^*	4.8 (2.5–9.1)^*	2.0 (0.7–2.0)	3.2 (1.8–5.6)^*	0.9 (0.3–2.3)
ADHD	2.2 (1.5–3.4)^*	2.8 (1.6–4.9)^*	1.0 (0.6–1.7)	1.7 (0.9–3.1)	1.8 (0.8–4.0)
IED	3.5 (2.7–4.3)^*	3.3 (2.3–4.7)^*	1.3 (1.0–1.9)	1.4 (0.9–2.1)	1.3 (0.7–2.3)
IV. Substance use disorders
Alcohol abuse or dependency	2.5 (2.0–3.2)^*	3.7 (2.6–5.4)^*	1.4 (1.0–2.0)^*	1.4 (1.0–2.1)	1.9 (1.1–3.5)^*
Drug abuse or dependency	3.0 (2.2–4.2)^*	4.0 (2.5–6.4)^*	1.7 (1.1–2.6)^*	1.5 (0.9–2.8)	1.4 (0.5–4.0)
V. Number of DSM-IV disorders
Exactly 2	0.6 (0.5–0.8)^*	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.6 (0.3–1.3)
Exactly 3	0.3 (0.2–0.5)^*	0.3 (0.2–0.6)^*	0.8 (0.4–1.3)	0.5 (0.3–1.0)	0.8 (0.3–2.5)
Exactly 4	0.1 (0.1–0.2)^*	0.2 (0.1–0.4)^*	0.7 (0.3–1.6)	0.4 (0.1–1.0)^*	1.1 (0.3–4.4)
Exactly 5	0.1 (0.0–0.1)^*	0.1 (0.0–0.2)^*	0.9 (0.3–2.8)	0.3 (0.1–0.9)^*	0.8 (0.1–5.2)
≥6	0.0 (0.0–0.0)^*	0.0 (0.0–0.0)^*	0.3 (0.1–1.4)	0.1 (0.0–0.6)^*	0.4 (0.0–5.1)
χ² ₁₇ type (p-value)^a	312.8 (<0.001)^*	159.3 (<0.001)^*	45.5 (<0.001)^*	48.6 (<0.001)^*	21.1 (0.22)
χ² ₆ number (p-value)^b	131.1 (<0.001)^*	50.9 (<0.001)^*	17.5 (0.004)^*	9.2 (0.10)	5.3 (0.39)
(n)^c	(26,959)	(26,959))	(3,326)	(1,438)	(1,888)

Each column includes a separate multivariate model in survival framework, with all rows as predictors controlling for the following covariates: age, age-squared, age cohort, sex, and person-year.

χ² tests for significance of the set of coefficients for type of disorder net of effects of number.

χ² tests for significance of the set of coefficients for number of disorder net of effects of type.

Denominator sample size of the models.

*: Significant at the 0.5 level, two-sided test.

Abbreviations: ADHD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; CI, confidence interval; GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; IED, Intermittent Explosive Disorder; MDD, Major Depressive Disorder; OCD, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder; ODD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder; PTSD, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; SAD, Separation Anxiety Disorder.