Table 2.
Preoperative and surgical characteristics of patients who underwent major heart surgery
| Characteristic | Global |
| Preoperative | |
| Number of patients | 971 |
| Mean age in years (SD) | 64.1 (12.2) |
| Sex, male/female | 690/281 |
| Underlying conditions (%) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 351 (36.1) |
| Congestive heart failure | 125 (12.9) |
| Central nervous system disorder | 82 (8.4) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 84 (8.7) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 179 (18.4) |
| Ulcer disease | 51 (5.3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 114 (11.7) |
| Renal disease | 33 (3.4) |
| Malignant neoplasm | 14 (1.4) |
| Liver disease | 56 (5.8) |
| Severe pulmonary hypertension | 29 (3.0) |
| Severe ventricular dysfunction | 76 (7.9) |
| Previous cardiac surgery (%) | 96 (9.9) |
| Mean Charlson comorbidity index (SD) | 1.6 (1.6) |
| McCabe and Jackson groups (%) | |
| 1 | 68 (7.0) |
| 2 | 689 (71.0) |
| 3 | 214 (22.0) |
| New York Heart Association functional class (%) | |
| I | 148 (15.2) |
| II | 290 (29.9) |
| III | 390 (40.2) |
| IV | 143 (14.7) |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists score (%) | |
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 10 (1.0) |
| 3 | 673 (69.4) |
| 4 | 279 (28.7 |
| 5 | 19 (1.9) |
| EuroSCORE (%) | |
| Low risk (0 to 2) | 213 (21.9) |
| Moderate risk (3 to 6) | 407 (41.9) |
| High risk (> 6) | 351 (36.1) |
| Surgical | |
| Indication (%) | |
| Elective | 781 (80.4) |
| Urgent | 148 (15.2) |
| Emergent | 42 (4.3) |
| Type of surgery (%) | |
| Valvular replacement | 267 (27.5) |
| CABG | 528 (54.4) |
| Mixed (valvular and CABG) | 76 (7.8) |
| Heart transplantation | 14 (1.4) |
| Aortic surgery | 46 (4.7) |
| Other | 40 (4.1) |
| Mean duration of surgery (minutes) (SD) | 233 (96.0) |
| Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes) (SD) | 110.1 (54.1) |
| Mean aortic cross-clamp time (minutes) (SD) | 71.9 (42.2) |
CABG = Coronary artery bypass grafting; SD = standard deviation.