Table 2.
Mean inspiratory airway pressure (Paw mean), expiratory (PTPexp), inspiratory (PTPinsp) and PEEP (PTPPEEP) pressure time products at a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute and a ventilatory rate of 15 breaths per minute
| Δ pressure | 5 cmH20 | 15 cmH20 | ||||
| Effort | low | high | low | high | ||
| Normal lung condition | Paw mean (cmH2O) | HF-BiPAP nBBIPAPBiPulse | 10.5 ± 0.9 | 12.1 ± 0.2 | 14.6 ± 2.9 | 15.6 ± 2.4 |
| BiVent | 10.6 ± 1.2 | 11.8 ± 1.8 | 15.3 ± 2.8 | 15.5 ± 2.2 | ||
| PTPPEEP. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | -0.1 ± 0.1 | -0.2 ± 0.2 | -0.2 ± 0.1 | -0.1 ± 0.1 | |
| BiVent | 0 ± 0 | -0.2 ± 0.1 | 0 ± 0 | -0.3 ± 0.2 | ||
| PTP insp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 3.3 ± 2.6 | 4 ± 1.7 | |
| BiVent | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 1.7 | 3.5 ± 2.4 | ||
| PTP exp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP e | 7 ± 6.1 | 3.8 ± 1.8 | 10 ± 6.4 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | |
| BiVent | 7.2 ± 3.2 | 7.0 ± 0.9 | 11.8 ± 3.9 | 4.6 ± 1.8 | ||
| Obstructive lung condition | Paw mean (cmH2O) | HF-BiPAP | 10.4 ± 1 | 10.4 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 3.8 | 16.3 ± 3.4 |
| BiVent | 10.3 ± 2.3 | 11 ± 3.5 | 15.4 ± 7.2 | 15.4 ± 4.1 | ||
| PTPPEEP. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 0 ± 0 | -0.13 ± 0.15 | -0.01 ± 0.05 | -0.05 ± 0.16 | |
| BiVent | 0 ± 0 | -0.2 ± 0.01 | -0.02 ± 0.04 | -0.2 ± 0.24 | ||
| PTP insp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 2.04 ± 1.4 | 3.6 ± 2.6 | 3.6 ± 2 | |
| BiVent | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 2.5 ± 2.4 | 2.8 ± 2.1 | 3.1 ± 2.7 | ||
| PTP exp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 3.8 ± 2.5 | 9.8 ± 4.8 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 10.1 ± 8.1 | |
| BiVent | 7.2 ± 3.2 | 10.9 ± 4.1 | 3.8 ± 1.9 | 10.3 ± 3.8 | ||
| Restrictive lung condition | Paw mean (cmH2O) | HF-BiPAP | 10.5 ± 1 | 11.7 ± 0.1 | 14.7 ± 2.2 | 14.7 ± 2.3 |
| BiVent | 9.9 ± 1 | 11.1 ± 1 | 15 ± 2.8 | 15.4 ± 4.7 | ||
| PTPPEEP. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | -0.16 ± 0.2 | -0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.09 ± 0.1 | -0.09 ± 0.1 | |
| BiVent | -0.35 ± 0.4 | -0.24 ± 0.2 | -0.16 ± 0.2 | -0.16 ± 0.2 | ||
| PTP insp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 1 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 2 | 3.4 ± 2 | |
| BiVent | 2 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 2.9 | 1.9 ± 2.4 | ||
| PTP exp. (cmH20/sec) | HF-BiPAP | 3.7 ± 1.7 | 7.8 ± 3.7 | 4.2 ± 2.4 | 9.4 ± 4.5 | |
| BiVent | 5 ± 1 | 7.2 ± 4.9 | 7.5 ± 3.2 | 10.1 ± 5.5 | ||
Measurements were made in normal (compliance 90 ml/cmH2O, resistance 3 cmH2O/l/s), obstructive (compliance 90 ml/cmH2O, resistance 15 cmH2O/l/s) and restrictive (compliance 30 ml/cmH2O, resistance 3 cmH2O/l/s) lung conditions, during varying delta pressure (Δ 5 and Δ 15 cmH2O) and inspiratory efforts (low: 2.5 cmH2O, high: 10 cmH2O) at a set positive end-expiratory pressure of 8 cmH2O.
HF-BiPAP = high flow biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation; BiVent = biphasic positive airway pressure delivered by a ventilator; PSV = pressure support ventilation by a ventilator.