Table 2.
Ventilator settings and functional parameters on admission to the intensive care unit
| Low | Intermediate | High | ||
| Ventilated patients | Admission | 62/68 (91%) | 16/17 (94%) | 17/17 (100%) |
| Day 1 | 6/68 (9%)* | 1/17 (6%)* | 1/17 (6%)* | |
| Tidal volume (l/min) | Admission | 6.5 ± 1.8 | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 7.3 ± 1.9 |
| Day 1 | / | / | / | |
| Respiratory rate (atti/minuto) | Admission | 11 ± 4 | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 7 |
| Day 1 | 18 ± 5* | 19 ± 5* | 16 ± 4* | |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | Admission | 379 ± 111 | 413 ± 113 | 372 ± 96 |
| Day 1 | 329 ± 62* | 330 ± 46* | 299 ± 83* | |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | Admission | 38.6 ± 4.9 | 35.1 ± 5.6# | 37.7 ± 5.0 |
| Day 1 | 39.9 ± 4.7 | 39.3 ± 5.1* | 38.8 ± 4.1 | |
| pH arterial blood | Admission | 7.41 ± 0.05 | 7.42 ± 0.06 | 7.39 ± 0.06 |
| Day 1 | 7.43 ± 0.03 | 7.43 ± 0.03 | 7.43 ± 0.04 | |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | Admission | 1.12 ± 0.57 | 1.23 ± 0.47 | 1.40 ± 1.39 |
| Day 1 | 0.79 ± 0.38* | 0.81 ± 0.37* | 0.89 ± 0.57 | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | Admission | 76 ± 16 | 75 ± 17 | 77 ± 18 |
| Day 1 | 82 ± 15* | 80 ± 12 | 84 ± 15 | |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | Admission | 88 ± 13 | 87 ± 13 | 92 ± 17 |
| Day 1 | 91 ± 12 | 94 ± 13 | 93 ± 16 | |
| Central venous pressure (mmHg) | Admission | 7.5 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 2.9 | 7.5 ± 2.2 |
| Day 1 | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 6.1 ± 2.5 | 6.1 ± 2.7 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | Admission | 12.0 ± 3.5 | 12.4 ± 1.8 | 12.4 ± 1.6 |
| Day 1 | 11.3 ± 1.6 | 11.5 ± 1.7 | 12.0 ± 1.3 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | Admission | 0.99 ± 0.92 | 1.06 ± 0.68 | 0.89 ± 0.37 |
| Day 1 | 1.04 ± 1.12 | 1.05 ± 0.47 | 0.85 ± 0.27 | |
| Azotemia (mg/dl) | Admission | 36 ± 24 | 40 ± 21 | 37 ± 21 |
| Day 1 | 37 ± 27 | 41 ± 24 | 36 ± 25 | |
| Glycemia (mg/dl) | Admission | 134 ± 30 | 134 ± 25 | 132 ± 35 |
| Day 1 | 110 ± 29* | 111 ± 23* | 105 ± 21* | |
| Sodium (Na+; mEq/l) | Admission | 137.5 ± 2.5 | 137.1 ± 2.2 | 137.8 ± 2.1 |
| Day 1 | 137.9 ± 2.7 | 138.4 ± 3.5 | 138.1 ± 2.7 | |
| Potassium (K+;mEq/l) | Admission | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.4 |
| Day 1 | 4.1 ± 0.3* | 4.0 ± 0.4* | 3.9 ± 0.4 | |
| Temperature (°C) | Admission | 35.2 ± 0.9 | 34.5 ± 0.9 | 35.4 ± 1.2# |
| Day 1 | 36.6 ± 0.6 | 36.7 ± 0.5 | 36.8 ± 0.5 | |
| WBC (103/mm3) | Admission | 10.8 ± 4.2 | 12.5 ± 5.5 | 10.8 ± 5.1 |
| Day 1 | 9.4 ± 3.0* | 10.4 ± 4.0 | 10.2 ± 2.7 | |
| SIRS criteria | Admission | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.9 |
| Day 1 | 0.9 ± 0.9* | 1.3 ± 1.1* | 0.9 ± 0.8 |
Ventilatory and functional parameters collected within four hours of admission to the intensive care unit (Admission) and the morning after (Day 1) are shown in the table. Patients were stratified according to their endotoxin activity levels on admission. * P < 0.05 Admission vs Day 1; # p < 0.05 between EA stratification groups. FiO2 = fraction of inspired yoghurt; PaCO2 = partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; PaO2 = partial pressure of arterial oxygen; SIRS = Systemic Inflammatory Reaction Syndrome; WBC = white blood cell.