Table 1.
Comparison of caregiver and children characteristics by depressive symptom status
| Variables | Depressed (73) | Non-depressed (148) | Total (221) | t/χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) X | n (%) X | n (%) X | ||
| Children characteristics | ||||
| Mean age | 73 7.56 | 148 7.24 | 221 7.35 | 0.99 |
| Male | 47 (64.38) | 84 (56.76) | 131 (59.28) | 1.18 |
| Rosier’s Functional Limitation | 4.58 | |||
| Mild | 8 (10.96) | 34(22.97) | 42(19.00) | |
| Moderate | 43 (58.90) | 75(50.68) | 118(53.39) | |
| Severe | 22 (30.14) | 39(26.35) | 61 (27.60) | |
| Family characteristics | ||||
| Married/Living as a couple | 40 (58.82) | 98 (68.06) | 138 (65.09) | 1.73 |
| Father educational level | 0.36 | |||
| Less than high school | 26 (40.00) | 52 (38.24) | 78 (38.81) | |
| High school | 24 (36.92) | 56 (41.18) | 80 (39.80) | |
| Some college or college degree | 15 (23.08) | 28 (20.59) | 43 (21.39) | |
| Mother educational level | 1.85 | |||
| Less than high school | 26 (37.68) | 46 (31.51) | 72 (33.49) | |
| High school | 23 (33.33) | 44 (30.14) | 67 (31.16) | |
| Some college or college degree | 20 (28.99) | 56 (38.36) | 76 (35.35) | |
| Father employed | 41 (60.29) | 88 (64.23) | 129 (62.93) | 0.30 |
| Mother employed | 18 (25.71) | 46 (31.29) | 64 (29.49) | 0.71 |
| Annual Income | 3.75 | |||
| None | 22 (30.99) | 39 (28.47) | 61 (29.33) | |
| 50 to 6,999 | 35 (49.30) | 54 (39.42) | 89 (42.79) | |
| 7,000 or more | 14 (19.72) | 44 (32.12) | 58 (27.88) | |
| Receives social assistance | 59 (81.94) | 106 (71.62) | 165 (75.00) | 2.75* |
| Household composition | 73 4.05 | 147 4.20 | 220 4.15 | 0.81 |
| Perception of poverty | 4.66* | |||
| Live well | 22 (30.14) | 63 (42.57) | 85 (38.46) | |
| Check to check | 31 (42.47) | 60 (40.54) | 91 (41.18) | |
| Poor | 20 (27.40) | 25 (16.89) | 45 (20.36) | |
*
p. <0.10 (tendency) χ² for categorical variables t for continuous variables
Depressed=High Depression Symptom; CESD ≥ 21 Non-depressed= Low depression symptoms; CESD <21