. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 29.

Published in final edited form as: J Asthma. 2009 Mar;46(2):136–141. doi: 10.1080/02770900802492053

Table 2.

Comparison of caregiver characteristics

Variables	Depressed (73)	Non-depressed (148)	Total (221)	t
Variables	n (%) X	n (%) X	n (%) X
Family empowerment scale	73 41.45	148 44.18	221 43.28	2.07^*
Self-efficacy	70 38.66	138 41.49	208 40.04	3.06^**
Self-efficacy, prevention	70 19.60	138 21.00	208 20.53	3.53^**
Self-efficacy, management	70 19.04	138 20.48	208 19.99	2.17^*
QOL	73 46.03	148 52.36	221 50.27	3.56^**
QOL, emotional	73 30.64	148 35.31	221 33.77	3.99^**
QOL, activity	73 15.38	148 17.04	221 16.50	2.2^*

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

Depressed=High Depression Symptom; CESD ≥ 21 Non Depressed=Low depressive symptoms; CESD <21