Figure 5.

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Simulation of chemical diffusion in a pre-established flow field. The chemical effuses from the central effusion hole at the bottom of the cell-culture chamber at rate of 10 μL∕h. (a) Start of the effusion, t=0 min. (b) Gradient build-up progression at t=32 min. (c) Steady gradient at t=128 min. Medium flow is 10 μL∕h from left to right. (d) is the transversal gradient generated in (c). Wide segments denote the near-linear region. The “x” denotes the downstream distance from the effusion hole. (e) Video showing the animated simulation of the gradient progression (enhanced online).