TABLE 1.

OUTCOMES OF POTENTIAL IMPORTANCE IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Function

Lung physiology*

Spirometry, lung volumes, diffusing capacity, arterial blood gas

Physical capacity*

Six-minute walk test, incremental maximum cycle ergometry

Neuropsychological

Trail-Making Test, others (40)

Patient-reported

Respiratory symptoms*

University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire, modified Borg Scale

Quality of life*

St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-item health survey, Quality of Well-Being Scale

Activity

Course

Exacerbations*

Medicare claims data

Mortality*

Health care use

Medicare claims data

Poly-morbidities

Disease

Pathophysiology

Pathology

Radiology

Chest computed tomography scan

Other

Systemic consequence

Psychological

Beck Depression Index

Medications/therapies

Patient reported use of oxygen

Adverse effects

Healthy behaviors

Satisfaction with care

Cost effectiveness*

Medicare claims data, Quality of Well-Being Scale

Caregiver burden

^*Recommended for assessment in pharmacologic trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by a task force of the American Thoracic Society and European Thoracic Society (28).

Examples of outcomes are those that were used in the National Emphysema Treatment trial (NETT) (1); other measures are also available to assess these outcomes. Not all outcomes assessed were assessed longitudinally in NETT, and some outcomes were only measured in a subset of subjects.