Hypothiocyanite (OSCN−)-dependent killing of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa by tracheal mucosa. Recovered CFU of (A) S. aureus (Xen8.1) and (B) P. aeruginosa (PAO1) after 3-h incubation of 1,000 CFU (dotted lines) of each strain on 0.78 cm2 mucosal surface area of cow tracheal explants. The indicated combinations of SCN− (400 μM), ATP (100 μM), and catalase (1,500 U/ml) were included in the assay buffer (mean ± SEM; n ⩾ 3; one-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001 [A], p < 0.01 [B]; post hoc Dunnett's test, control group containing catalase, **p < 0.01).