Table 2.

Reported memory gaps for the amnesia group.

Case	Complete or partial1	% missing2	Amnesic gap
2	Complete	100	Cannot recall kicking victim in head several times (out of character). Recalls co-defendant throwing victim, then no memory.
4	Partial	35	Cannot recall jumping on victim's chest or other people fighting. Hit on head with plastic piping, knocked out briefly. Patchy memory loss.
9	Partial	10	Can recall all of assault except for the second of two punches he landed, confirmed on CCTV. One small, clear gap.
13	Partial	75	Can only recall one of several stab wounds inflicted on victim. Cannot recall family of victim being present. Only has ‘two pictures’ of assault.
15	Partial	20	Cannot recall slashing victim with knife dropped by victim but can remember chasing him. Remembers jogging away afterwards.
25	Partial	80–90	Cannot recall most of assault (punched and kicked victim). Recalls walking towards victim; next recall is putting rope around neck at end.
27	Partial	20–30	Cannot recall stabbing victim. Can remember confronting him and then recalls victim holding neck on ground. Cannot recall next one to two hours.
35	Partial	40	Cannot remember threatening victim, getting knife from home, climbing into house, or stabbing the victim several times.
41	Partial	50	Can recall punching victim, then clear gap until stamping on his head. Estimated several minutes missing of assaultative behaviour
45	Partial	50	Cannot recall knife being put in his hand, stabbing victim several times, or any noises from the assault (‘felt like I went deaf’).
46	Partial	50	Cannot recall kicking victim, chasing him, rolling around on ground, giving him ‘verbals’, or spitting on him. Patchy recall of being violent.
47	Partial	50	Remembers being hit by victim, then gap until seeing victim on ground. Cannot remember stabbing him with bottle in head, or later behaviour.
48	Partial	30	Remembers confronting victim. Cannot recall jumping around or stabbing him in face. ‘Seeing red … blanked out for about one minute.’
54	Partial	20	Has patchy recall of assaulting victim in a pub. Cannot recall how many times he was taken out of pub and went back in.
59	Partial	90	Recalls argument with victim and punching him, but cannot recall then attacking him with a knife. Clear gap until he saw victim lying on floor.
68	Partial	50	Patchy recall of extended fight between victim and respondent and his co-defendant. Can only recall a only few of multiple stab wounds caused.
76	Partial	50	Can recall striking victim on head with bar, but not then punching and kicking him in the head and threats to kill. Recalls arrest.
89	Partial	40-50	Recalls punching victim in the face, then dense memory gap until he came around with victim lying unconscious in his lap, stabbed twice.
96	Partial	70	No recall of first stabbing; then can recall first stabs but not the next several. Cannot recall where he threw the knife or getting home.
98	Partial	Unsure	Recalls holding victim with rope and stabbing first few times, but not the next several times. ‘Blackout’ until he saw victim dead on floor.
101	Partial	Unsure	Can recall hitting victim with bottle on head but cannot recall stabbing him in face several times. Can remember being arrested.

¹As judged by the interviewer: any recall of assaultative behaviour indicated that the amnesia was partial;

²Percentage missing of the actual assault, as estimated by the participant on the basis of their knowledge of their own assaultative behaviour from third-party information, including witnesses and medico-legal information.