Table 1.

Coding Scheme and Definition of Codes Used in Neuroethics Database to Code Abstracts

Code	Subcode	Definition
Pillar I: Brain Science and the Self		Discussions of and challenges to moral responsibility, decision-making, and free will as a result of neurotechnological developments.
Pillar II: Brain Science and Social Policy		Legal or policy challenges, including privacy, legal consequences of behavior, unequal access to innovation, or health care disparities.
Pillar III: Ethics and Practice of Brain Science	Research: Discovery	Empirical studies of the human CNS.
	Research: Intervention	Studies of new forms of therapy for disease of the CNS, including drugs, devices and stem cells.
	Clinical: Discovery	Development and testing of new diagnostic procedures.
	Clinical: Intervention	Development and testing of novel therapeutics.
	Beyond Clinical: Discovery	Neurotechnology studies with a non-medical purpose, including lie-detection or neuromarketing.
	Beyond Clinical: Intervention	Pursuit of intervention based on non-research, non-clinical discoveries using neurotechnology.
Pillar IV: Brain Science and Public Discourse		Public understanding of brain science; studies of media coverage and scientists-public interactions.