Table 1.
Variables | 2000 Ref1 | 2000 Ref2 | 2000 Ref3§ | 2001 Ref4§ | 2004 Ref5 | 2006 Ref6 | 2006 Ref7 | 2008 Ref8§ | 2008 Ref9§ | Rome Study | P< |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | |||||||||||
Year of surgery | + | + | + | * | |||||||
Age | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | |
Sex | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | |
NYHA class | + | + | |||||||||
Pre-operative | |||||||||||
Diabetes | + | + | + | ||||||||
Atherosclerosis | + | + | |||||||||
High blood pressare | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | |||
Marfan syndrome | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | ||||
Shock | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | ||||
Syncope | + | + | |||||||||
Intubated | + | + | * | ||||||||
Pericardial effusion | + | + | |||||||||
Pain | + | + | + | + | |||||||
Pulselessness | + | + | |||||||||
Neurological symptoms | + | + | + | * | |||||||
Ischemic complications | + | + | + | ||||||||
Onset symptoms | + | + | |||||||||
Previous cardiac surgery | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | ||||
Diagnosis | + | + | + | ||||||||
Coronary artery disease | + | + | |||||||||
COPD | + | + | |||||||||
Ejection fraction | + | + | |||||||||
Operative | |||||||||||
Canulation site | + | + | + | + | + | ||||||
Extracorporeal circulation (min) | + | + | + | + | * | ||||||
Circulatory arrest (min) | + | + | + | + | * | ||||||
Clamping time (min) | + | + | + | ||||||||
Temperature (°C) | + | + | + | ||||||||
Brain protection (coded) | + | + | + | + | * | ||||||
Bicuspid aortic valve | + | + | * | ||||||||
Aortic insufficiency | + | + | + | ||||||||
Hemopericardium | + | + | * | ||||||||
Type of surgery (coded) | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | |||
Coronary bypass | + | + | + | ||||||||
Aortic ropture | + | + | |||||||||
Immediate Post-operative | |||||||||||
Bleeding in the first 24 h (ml) | + | + | + | + | + | * | |||||
Limb ischemia | + | * | |||||||||
Renal complications | + | + | * | ||||||||
Dialysis in continuous | + | + | + | * | |||||||
Chronic renal failure | + | + | + | + | * | ||||||
Enterological complications | + | + | + | * | |||||||
Neurological deficits | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | * | |||
Tracheosthomy | + | + | + | ||||||||
Respiratory insufficiency | + | + | |||||||||
Malperfusion syndrome | + | + | |||||||||
Variables Studied (N) | 18 | 11 | 5 | 16 | 14 | 17 | 11 | 10 | 17 | 37 | 22 |
Table 1. Apart the variable named “limb ischemia”, only potential predictors considered by at least 2 Studies, including our own, were considered. AAD: ascending aortic dissection; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
marked references are technical reports rather than investigations purposely undertaken to assess the potential predictors of AAD Type A.
p<0.05 when comparing 30-day post-operative deaths versus patients alive, by univariate analysis, after Type A acute aortic dissection among 121 patients operated at the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Cardiac Surgical Department: of the 37 variables investigated in our own Study, 22 showed significant differences and were therefore considered for multivariate analyses.