Table 2.

Associations (Mixed-Models Analyses) Between Sociodemographic Measures and Body Mass Index Trajectories From Phase 1 (1985–1988) to Phase 7 (2002–2004) of the Whitehall II Study, United Kingdom

	Men (n = 4,358)			Women (n = 1,911)
	β	SE	P Value	β	SE	P Value
Time, per year	0.138	0.025	<0.001	0.260	0.038	<0.001
Age, years
34–40	−0.551	0.122	<0.001	−1.663	0.249	<0.001
41–45	−0.454	0.120	<0.001	−1.217	0.242	<0.001
46–50	−0.032	0.130	0.806	−0.470	0.248	0.006
51−55a	0			0
Time × age, years
34–40	0.079	0.007	<0.001	0.107	0.015	<0.001
41–45	0.055	0.007	<0.001	0.067	0.014	<0.001
46–50	0.013	0.007	0.075	0.065	0.015	<0.001
51–55a	0			0
Socioeconomic status
High	−0.472	0.164	0.004	−0.693	0.308	0.025
Middle	−0.244	0.154	0.114	−0.327	0.195	0.093
Lowa	0			0
Time × socioeconomic status
High	−0.010	0.010	0.365	−0.040	0.017	<0.018
Middle	−0.008	0.010	0.670	−0.031	0.012	0.010
Lowa	0			0
Ethnicity
White	−0.359	0.175	0.040	−2.11	0.268	<0.001
Othera	0			0
Time × ethnicity
White	0.030	0.011	0.005	0.044	0.017	0.007
Othera	0			0
Marital status
Married/cohabiting	0.078	0.111	0.484	0.056	0.179	0.757
Othera	0			0
Time × marital status
Married/cohabiting	0.007	0.006	0.268	−0.017	0.011	0.102
Othera	0			0
BMIb at age 25 years
≤19.9	−8.824	0.361	<0.001	−12.048	0.600	<0.001
20–24.9	−6.011	0.344	<0.001	−9.078	0.581	<0.001
25–29.9	−2.420	0.358	<0.001	−4.652	0.633	<0.001
≥30a	0			0
Time × BMI at age 25 years
≤19.9	−0.088	0.022	<0.001	−0.216	0.035	<0.001
20–24.9	−0.090	0.021	<0.001	−0.166	0.034	<0.001
25–29.9	−0.061	0.022	0.005	−0.136	0.038	0.000
≥30a	0			0

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SE, standard error.

^aReference category.

^bWeight (kg)/height (m)².