TLR activation leads to up-regulation of costimulatory molecules on alloantigen-presenting DCs in mice treated with costimulation blockade. C57BL/6 mice were injected with 10 × 106 CFSE-labeled BALB/c DST and 0.5 mg of anti-CD154 mAb without or with an i.p. injection of 100 µg of LPS. Sixteen hours later, splenocytes were harvested, stained with Live/Dead blue, and Abs to H2-Kb (host), CD8α, CD11c, and CD80 or CD86 and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments with at least three mice per group. A, Histogram of the MFI of the class I molecule H2-Kb. *, p < 0.01 vs DST + anti-CD154. B, Histogram of the MFI of CD80. *, p < 0.01 vs DST + anti-CD154. C, Histogram of the MFI of the class I molecule CD86. *, p < 0.01 vs DST + anti-CD154.