Table 4.

Association between cystatin C levels, presented as quartiles and continuously (per standard deviation), and mitral annular calcifications (MAC), aortic annular calcifications (AAC) and aortic valve sclerosis (AVS)

	Cystatin C quartiles					Cystatin C (mg/L)
	0.50–0.92 mg/L	0.93–1.04 mg/L	1.05–1.22 mg/L	1.23–6.67 mg/L	P for trend	Per standard deviation	P-value
MAC
Model 1a	Reference	1.08 (0.90–1.30)	1.17 (0.97–1.41)	1.34 (1.10–1.63)	0.003	1.16 (1.08–1.24)	<0.001
Model 2b	Reference	1.07 (0.89–1.29)	1.12 (0.93–1.35)	1.23 (1.00–1.50)	0.048	1.12 (1.05–1.21)	0.001
AAC
Model 1a	Reference	1.16 (0.96–1.39)	1.03 (0.85–1.24)	1.27 (1.04–1.56)	0.076	1.10 (1.02–1.18)	0.009
Model 2b	Reference	1.14 (0.95–1.38)	0.99 (0.82–1.19)	1.19 (0.97–1.46)	0.29	1.07 (1.00–1.15)	0.054
AVS
Model 1a	Reference	0.90 (0.76–1.08)	0.89 (0.74–1.07)	0.96 (0.79–1.17)	0.59	1.01 (0.95–1.09)	0.68
Model 2c	Reference	0.89 (0.74–1.07)	0.86 (0.71–1.03)	0.90 (0.74–1.10)	0.23	0.99 (0.93–1.06)	0.82

MAC, AAC and AVS were defined as present or absent, i.e. summing mild, moderate or severe versus none. Data presented as OR (95% confidence intervals).

^aAdjusted for age, gender and race.

^bAdjusted for age, gender, race, prevalent cardiovascular disease and HDL-cholesterol.

^cAdjusted for age, gender, race, prevalent cardiovascular disease, hypertension, HDL-cholesterol and waist-hip-ratio.