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. 2009 Aug 3;206(8):1769–1785. doi: 10.1084/jem.20082603

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© 2009 Semitekolou et al.

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Figure 6. — In vivo administration of r-activin-A during pulmonary allergen challenge is protective against allergic airway disease. (A) BAL differentials from mice treated with r-activin-A or PBS, or from the alum controls are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4–6 mice per group in two separate experiments; **, P = 0.0021; ***, P < 0.0001). Statistical significance was obtained by an unpaired Student's t test. (B) AHR is depicted. Results shown for PenH are expressed as means (n = 4–6 mice per group in two separate experiments). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for repeated measures, followed by an unpaired Student's t test (*, P = 0.0095; **, P = 0.0054). (C) Representative photomicrographs and histological scores of H&E-stained (**, P = 0.0085) and PAS-stained (**, P = 0.0015) sections. Error bars depict means of groups. Results are shown as means ± SEM (n = 4–6 mice per group in two separate experiments). Bars, 100 µm. (D) DLN cells were restimulated ex vivo with OVA. Proliferation was measured (***, P < 0.0001). IL-4 (***, P < 0.0001), IL-13 (***, P < 0.0001), and IL-10 (***, P < 0.0001) in supernatants are shown. Results are means ± SEM (n = 4–6 mice per group from two independent experiments). (E) OVA-specific IgE (*, P = 0.0119), IgG1 (**, P = 0.0081), and IgG2a in the sera of mice. Results are shown as means ± SEM (n = 4–6 mice per group in two independent experiments). Eos, eosinophils; LMs, lymphomononuclears; Macs, macrophages; Neuts, neutrophils.