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. 2009 Aug 3;206(8):1681–1690. doi: 10.1084/jem.20082462

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© 2009 The Rockefeller University Press

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jem.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

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Figure 1. — S. mansoni egg culture supernatants promote bystander Th2 polarization. (A) Protein composition of SEA and egg supernatants evaluated by Coomassie blue–stained SDS-PAGE. (B and C) Naive DO.11.10 Tg CD4⁺ lymphocytes were cultured with DC and OVA peptide with or without 40 µg/ml SEA, 30 µg/ml egg supernatant, or control supernatants from mock cultures containing no eggs. After restimulation with PMA/ionomycin, cells were stained for CD4 and T1/ST2 (B) or CD4 and IL-4 plus IFN-γ (C), respectively. The FACS dot plots shown are gated on CD4⁺ T lymphocytes (percentages are shown). The experiment shown is representative of more than five performed. (D) The frequency of IL-4⁺ DO.11.10 T cells determined by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) in response to gel filtration fractions of egg culture supernatants. (E) Coomassie blue–stained SDS-PAGE of fractions 22–24 from the column shown in D. Results are representative of two independent experiments performed with different egg culture supernatant preparations. (F) In situ ribonuclease activity of a 32-kD protein in both SEA and egg supernatants detected by zymogram gel.