TABLE 4.
Baseline characteristics by Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina (CCSA) class
| Variable | Overall (n=1407) | Class I (n=39) | Class II (n=424) | Class III (n=265) | Class IV (n=679) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 63±11 | 64±10 | 62±11 | 64±10 | 63±11 | 0.14 |
| Women, % | 29.2 | 12.8 | 17.7 | 33.6 | 35.6 | <0.01 |
| Caucasian, % | 82.2 | 87.2 | 83.3 | 86.0 | 79.7 | 0.09 |
| Poverty*, % | 24.0 | 10.5 | 15.1 | 25.3 | 29.7 | <0.01 |
| Medical history, % | ||||||
| Hypertension | 59.5 | 43.6 | 55.0 | 60.8 | 62.7 | 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 27.2 | 7.7 | 24.1 | 26.4 | 30.6 | <0.01 |
| Smoking | 67.0 | 59.0 | 70.3 | 61.5 | 67.6 | <0.01 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 43.9 | 38.5 | 38.2 | 43.4 | 48.0 | 0.07 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 14.0 | 5.1 | 9.2 | 15.1 | 17.1 | 0.013 |
| Stroke | 12.7 | 12.8 | 7.1 | 11.7 | 16.5 | <0.01 |
| Congestive heart failure | 20.3 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 26.4 | 23.1 | <0.01 |
| Coronary and left ventricular angiographic findings, mean ± SD | ||||||
| Diseased coronary vessels, n | 2.2±0.9 | 2.0±0.9 | 2.2±0.8 | 2.2±0.9 | 2.2±0.9 | 0.72 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 54.8±15 | 58.2±13 | 56.8±14 | 53.6±16 | 53.9±15.3 | <0.01 |
| Chest pain characteristics | ||||||
| Type, % | 0.08 | |||||
| Typical† | 79.3 | 59.0 | 79.7 | 79.2 | 80.6 | |
| Atypical‡ | 20.5 | 41.0 | 20.3 | 20.8 | 19.4 | |
| Frequency§, mean ± SD | 7.6±10.4 | 2.5±3.0 | 4.7±6.1 | 7.0±6.7 | 9.9±13.1 | <0.01 |
| Course, % | <0.01 | |||||
| Stable | 18.6 | 50.0 | 35.4 | 11.9 | 9.9 | |
| Progressing¶ | 34.3 | 31.6 | 40.3 | 49.0 | 26.3 | |
| Unstable** | 45.3 | 18.4 | 24.3 | 39.1 | 63.9 | |
| Duration of symptoms, months, mean ± SD | 70.9±88.8 | 65.6±90.3 | 65.0±85.6 | 67.9±83.2 | 76.2±92.7 | 0.20 |
| Treatment (30-day), % | ||||||
| Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty | 26.8 | 20.5 | 25.0 | 26.8 | 28.3 | 0.52 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft surgery | 36.1 | 38.5 | 38.2 | 36.6 | 34.5 | 0.63 |
Defined as household income ≤$10,000 (1992 to 1996 US$);
Classical history of angina pectoris with the expected finding of significant atherosclerotic heart disease. In general, it should be reproducibly precipitated by increased cardiac workload (usually exercise), located appropriately (chest or arm), visceral in quality and relieved promptly after removal of the precipitating factors or the use of nitroglycerin;
Symptoms are possibly or probably due to myocardial ischemia, although the symptoms are not consistent with classical angina;
Defined as the number of episodes per week during the six weeks before coronary angiography;
Defined as a clinically significant increase in the frequency, severity or duration of chest pain;
Defined as a very unstable anginal pain pattern, usually with severe or prolonged episodes of chest pain at rest, leading to immediate admission to the coronary care unit to rule out a myocardial infarction and for medical management to control pain