Table 1.
Population characteristics.
| Clinical features | Males N = 229 |
Females N = 298 |
Total N = 527 |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age mean ± SD (yr) | 55.3 ± 15.3 | 52.8 ± 14.9 | 53.9 ± 15.5 | 0.05 |
| Age range n (%) | ||||
| -18 to 43 yr | 53 (23.1) | 83 (27.9) | 136 (25.8) | 0.25 |
| -44 to 55 yr | 52 (22.7) | 83 (27.9) | 135 (25.6) | 0.20 |
| -56 to 67 yr | 69 (30.1) | 78 (26.2) | 147 (27.9) | 0.37 |
| -> 67 yr | 55 (24.0) | 54 (18.1) | 109 (20.7) | 0.12 |
| Hypertension n (%) | 129 (56.3) | 175 (58.7) | 304 (58.2) | 0.62 |
| Diabetes n (%) | 125 (54.5) | 162 (54.4) | 287 (54.5) | 0.76 |
| - Type 1 | 8 (6.4) | 6 (3.7) | 14 (4.9) | 0.4 |
| - Type 2 | 117 (93.6) | 156 (96.3) | 273 (95.1) | 0.4 |
| Obesity n (%) | 14 (6.1) | 71 (23.8) | 85 (16.1) | < 0.0001 |
| HIV infection* n (%) | 22 (32.4) | 60 (49.6) | 82 (43.4) | 0.03 |
| FH-KD first degree* n (%) | 13 (7. 3) | 25 (11.7) | 38 (9.7) | 0.12 |
| History of Kidney disease n (%) | 15 (6.8) | 9 (3.1) | 24 (4.6) | 0.07 |
| Smoking currently n (%) | 28 (12.3) | 10 (3.4) | 38 (7.3) | 0.0002 |
| Herbal remedy use n (%) | 58 (25.4) | 37 (12.5) | 95 (18.2) | 0.0002 |
| Low educational level** | 65 (29.0) | 162 (55.5) | 227 (44.0) | < 0.0001 |
Values expressed as numbers and proportions in parentheses or mean ± SD, as appropriate.
SD, standard deviation. yr, years.
Percentages based on total participant number except for * HIV infection status or responding number.
** low level education (< 6 years).