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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Urol Oncol. 2009;27(2):199–204. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2008.09.018

Table 3.

Essential elements in a fellowship program for comprehensive training of future uro-oncology surgeons

  1. Clinical and surgical exposure to complex oncology patients, including those with relatively rare tumors

  2. Clinical exposure to specialties (medical oncology, radiation oncology, uropathology, and uroradiology) that participate in the multidisciplinary care of urologic oncology patients

  3. At least 1 year of protected time for basic and/or clinical research with a designated research mentor

  4. Formal didactic lecture series to encompass each subspecialty in urologic oncology (preferably given by attendings from multiple specialties)

  5. Formal education on biostatistics and ethics

  6. Formal education on clinical trial design and conduct

  7. Editorial and biostatistical support to assist and encourage abstract presentation, manuscript submission, and other scholarly activities

  8. Grand rounds that routinely include specialists from medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, and radiology

  9. Clinical and laboratory exposure to laparoscopic and robotic procedures, so that the fellow has a solid understanding of the benefits and limitations of minimally invasive surgery