Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2009 Jul 30;42(12):1834–1839. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.05.037

Table 3.

Age association with gait parameters in ranges of motion and kinetics for rotations of lower extremities about the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) axes of proximal joints

For rotations about
medial-lateral (ML) axes of lower extremities
(extension and flexion)		 For rotations about
medial-lateral (AP) axes of lower extremities
(abduction and adduction)
Mean
(SD) * 		β **
(95% CI)		 P value Mean
(SD) * 		β **
(95% CI)		 P value
Range of motion,
degree
Hip 39.17
(5.44)		 −0.0819
(−0.2190, 0.0552)		 0.242 9.70
(2.55)		 −0.0990
(−0.1704, −0.0276)		 0.007
Knee 52.63
(7.305)		 0.0169
(−0.2132, 0.2470)		 0.885 12.07
(4.41)		 −0.1558
(−0.3016, 0.0100)		 0.036
Ankle 24.03
(3.99)		 −0.1403
(−0.2671, −0.0135)		 0.030 8.66
(2.30)		 −0.0829
(−0.1624, 0.0035)		 0.041
Peak moment,
Nm/kg
Hip 1.21
(0.21)		 0.0027
(−0.0027, 0.0081)		 0.329 0.87
(0.10)		 −0.0013
(−0.0045, 0.0020)		 0.444
Knee 0.68
(0.18)		 0.0031
(−0.0028, 0.0091)		 0.303 0.46
(0.13)		 −0.0038
(−0.0081, 0.0006)		 0.090
Ankle 1.05
(0.23)		 0.0000
(−0.0077, 0.0078)		 0.994 0.16
(0.05)		 0.0001
(−0.0015, 0.0013)		 0.875
Peak power,
J/kg sec
Hip 1.39
(0.39)		 0.0112
(0.0032, 0.0191)		 0.006 0.53
(0.18)		 −0.0043
(−0.0098, 0.0012)		 0.122
Knee 1.60
(0.50)		 0.0154
(0.0012, 0.0296)		 0.034 0.17
(0.08)		 −0.0020
(−0.0046, 0.0007)		 0.143
Ankle 1.66
(0.564)		 −0.0036
(−0.0192, 0.0119)		 0.649 0.13
(0.06)		 −0.0018
(−0.0034, 0.0002)		 0.026
Total generative
MWE, J/kg
Hip 0.28
(0.08)		 0.0028
(0.0008, 0.0049)		 0.007 0.09
(0.04)		 −0.0013
(−0.0024, −0.0003)		 0.014
Knee 0.11
(0.00)		 0.0013
(−0.0003, 0.0028)		 0.113 0.01
(0.01)		 −0.0002
(−0.0005, 0.0001)		 0.246
Ankle 0.17
(0.01)		 −0.0010
(−0.0026, 0.0005)		 0.194 0.02
(0.01)		 0.0000
(−0.0004, 0.0003)		 0.788
Total absorptive
MWE, J/kg
Hip −0.24
(0.09)		 0.0014
(−0.0013, 0.0042)		 0.299 −0.06
(0.03)		 −0.0001
(−0.0010, 0.0008)		 0.880
Knee −0.35
(0.09)		 −0.0019
(−0.0045, 0.0006)		 0.134 −0.03
(0.01)		 0.0003
(−0.0001, 0.0007)		 0.155
Ankle −0.15
(0.05)		 0.0000
(−0.0019, 0.0018)		 0.995 −0.01
(0.01)		 −0.0000
(−0.0002, 0.0002)		 0.792
*

Standard Deviation

**

Estimated coefficient for the linear model

All linear models for kinematics are adjusted for walking speed, sex, height, and weight

All linear models for kinetics (already normalized by mass) are adjusted for walking speed, sex, and height